1461
F9E5
1904
THE KING'S CLASSICS UNDER"
THE GENERAL EDITORSHIP OF
PROFESSOR GOLLANCZ
THE HISTORY OF FULK
FITZ-WARINE
•V^fe, Rt> -
THE HISTORY OF
FULK FITZ-WARINE
ENGLISHED BY ALICE
KEMP-WELCH WITH
AN INTRODUCTION
BY L. BRAN DIN PH.D.
ALEXANDER MORING LIMITED
THE DE LA MORE PRESS 298
REGENT STREET LONDON W 1904
66651
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INTRODUCTION
Previous Translations. — The manuscript in
the British Museum (MS. Reg. 12, c. xii) which
contains the history now specially translated for the
"King's Classics" by Mrs. Kemp-Welch, has been
several times published — in 1833 by Sir Thomas
Duffus Hardy, in 1840 by Francisque Michel, in
1855 by Thomas Wright for the Warton Club, in
1858 by L. Moland and C. d'Hericault in their
Nouvellesfranfoises en prose du xitfs., and in 1875 by
Joseph Stevenson, at the end of Radulph de Cogge-
shall's Chronicon Anglicanum (Rolls Series). It has been
translated into English by Thomas Wright and Joseph
Stevenson, in their works above alluded to ; it has
been examined critically in the same works, as well as
in the edition of Francisque Michel, and in the article
by Paulin Paris in Histoire Litteraire de la France (vol.
xxvii, pp. 164-186); it has been noticed and epito-
ix *
mized by Leland and by Sir Thomas Duftus Hardy ;
it has been made use of by Thomas Wright in his
History ofLudlow ; and the general results of the works
of which it has formed the subject-matter have been
well summarized, reviewed, and greatly enriched by
Mr. H. L. D. Ward in his Catalogue of Romances in the
Department of MSS. in the British Museum (vol. I, pp.
501-508).
Ambiguous Character of the Text. — Sir
Thomas Duftus Hardy, on p. 41 of vol. 3 of his
Descriptive Catalogue of Materials relating to the history
of Great Britain and Ireland to the end of the reign of
Henry VII (London, 1871), has already recognized
the ambiguous character of this work. " It seems,"
he says, " to be partly romance and partly history."
The editors who came after him did no more than
develop this remark of the great English scholar, and
the sum and substance of their dissertations is, that
Fulk Fitx-Warine is an historical romance containing
much romance and a little history.
Its Foundation on Fact. — Such history as it
contains has been revealed by a study of the Public
Rolls which concern Fulk and the other Fitz-Warines,
and which have been very conveniently, and almost in
their entirety, collected by the Rev. W. Eyton in his
Antiquities of Shropshire.1 It has been admirably sum-
marized by Mr. H. L. D. Ward, whose own words we
cannot do better than quote. "The romancer," he
says, " has entirely forgotten Fulk I., who died before
Michaelmas, 1171, but the other genealogical matters
seem to be fairly correct. It is quite certain that
Fulk II., who died before Michaelmas, 1198, really
married Haweis de Dinan ; that the Fitz-Warins had
long-standing claims to the castle of Whittington ;
that the castle was delivered over to the Welsh Prince
Meuric ; that Fulk III. consequently rebelled in
I 20 1 ; and that this outlawry was revoked on the 1 5th
November, 1203. Among the fifty-two names of his
companions attached to the pardon are those of
William Fitz-Fulk and Philip and Ivo Fitzwarin,
probably all three of them brothers of Fulk III., and
also those of Baldwin de Hodenet and William Mal-
veissin ... It is also certain that Fulk III. married
Matilda, the widow of Theobald Walter ... On the
other hand, it is equally certain that Theobald Walter
is mentioned as still alive on the 4-th August, 1205,
though he seems to have died before October 8 of
that year . . . Fulk rose again in arms in the Easter-
1 For the genealogical questions, consult the genealogical
tables in the Rev. W. Eyton's Antiquities of Shropshire.
week (April 1 9 to 25) of 1 2 1 5, and joined Robert Fitz-
Walter ; and it was not till more than a year after King
John's death that Fulk made his peace again, and
obtained reseizen of his lands, namely in November
1217. He continued to be regarded as a dangerous
Baron Marcher ; and in November 12 22, the Earl of
Chester was urged to inspect the fortifications going
on at Whittington Castle, and to see that they were
not made stronger than were required for the purpose
of resisting the Welsh . . . There are indications that
Fulk IV. acted for his father during the last years of
his life ; and this again favours an assertion made by
the romancer, namely, that he was blind for seven
years. He seems to have died before August 1260."
Its Element of Romance. — Such are the
historic data on which the author's work has been
built up. To these he has added anachronisms, matter
purely imaginative, faithful and picturesque descrip-
tions of places in Shropshire with which he was very
familiar, and legends then current in England, as well
as souvenirs of chansons ae geste with which he had
become acquainted on the Continent. At the very
outset, for example, he borrows, from a local tradition,
the legend of Payn Peverel, " le fier et hardy cosyn le
roi," who happily delivered the country from the
giant Geomagog, who, after having been slain by
Corineus, had had his body taken possession of by the
Devil, which prevented the Britons from inhabiting
Chastiel Bran, and he ends by recalling the memories
associated with the name of " Blanche Vile, qui en le
temps le roy Arthur la Blanche Lande fust nommee,"
and by displaying the knowledge he possessed of the
legend of the Holy Grail, and of the Merlinesque
prophecies. Moreover, he seems to have desired to
add to the renown of his hero and his family by
connecting them with the great Garin le Loherain,
who is not otherwise referred to in history, and
whose very existence is not attested save in the chan-
sons de geste. He must have known the Renaud de
Montauban group above all, and Mr. Ward has
pointed this out in his work above alluded to, al-
though it seems to me that he has not sufficiently
emphasized the fact. He confines himself to saying
that "his mind often reverted to the deeds of the
Quatre fils Aymon ; to the fatal quarrel between Re-
naud de Montauban and Charlemagne's nephew over
the chess-board ; to the taunts of Roland against Ogier
for sparing his outlawed cousins ; and to Richard's
appearing before Charlemagne in the arms of the
Knight sent to capture him." He adds, " it is prob-
ably owing to the same chanson that Fulk, like Renaud,
releases his sovereign when he has him completely at
his mercy."
Its Relation to Renaud de Montauban.—
These observations are just, but they do not go far
enough. It seems possible to go much further, and
that one must admit that the text itself of Renaud
de Montauban was quite familiar to our author. He
certainly knew of the use of the chess-board made by
Landri and Chariot, But is there not a singular
resemblance between the scene in which Renaud de
Montauban, struck by the wrathful Bertolais, goes to
make complaint to Charlemagne, and that in which
Prince John, struck by Fulk, goes to make complaint
to his father, King Henry II. ? And does not the
reply of Henry II. to his son recall in a forcible
manner, and in a way to suggest a direct imitation,
or a remarkably exact reminiscence, Charlemagne's
reply to Renaud ? " Tes tey, mauvais," says our
author.
" Comme Karles 1'oit, si en fut mult irie ;
malvais garfont coart avoit Renaud hucie."
In the same way, when Fulk arrives at Alberbury,
he relates to his mother, Dame Hawyse, the wander-
ings of himself and his brothers, and Dame Hawyse
gives him "grant aveyr." When Renaud, Alnrd,
Guichard, and Richard come to Dordon to meet their
mother, an exactly similar thing happens.
" L'afaire li conterent comment il ont ouvre,"
and she tells them,
" Portez de mon avoir a mult grand e piente."
Again, Charlemagne's anger and his imprecations
against the Fils Aymon, his manner of calling to mind
the fact that he has vanquished thirty kings, all
striving with each other who could best serve him,
and that none of all the lords whom he had subdued
dared fight against him —
" Fors rois Yus de Gascoigne ki tos est asotis,
Qui centre moi recete mes mortes enemis
Les .iiii. fix Aymon que tout jor ai hai's,"
reminds us at once of the fine passage in Fulk Fifz-
Warlr.e, where John Lackland exclaims, " Hay,
Seinte Marie, je su roy, Engleterre guye, due su
d'Angoye, et de Normaundye et tote Yrlande est en
ma segnorie ; e jc ne pus trover ne aver en tot moun
poer, pur quanqe je pus doner, nul se me velt venger
de la damage e hontage que Fouke m'ad fet. Mes je
nc lerroy qe je ne me venjeroy de le prince."
These passages certainly prove that the author of
Fit Ik Fitx-Warlne must have often heard, or read
over and over again, the adventures of the Quatre
Fils Aymon. He was, moreover, a connoisseur ot
the current literature, as we are led to imagine from
the first sentence of our simple story, rendered into
prose from the opening so frequent in the chansons de
gestes —
" Ce fu el mois de Mai, a 1'entree d'este,
Que foillissent cil bos et verdoient li pre."
or in the ordinary songs — •
" Quant florist la pree,
Que li douz tenz doit venir,
Qu'oiseaux par ramee
Font escouter lor doz cris,
Adonc chant, &c."
And there is nothing surprising in the fact that he
should have called to remembrance the Quatre Fils
Aymon when he had to relate the adventures of
Warine's five sons.
If to this is added the fact that remarkable re-
semblances to passages in Huon de Bordeaux, and
other chansons de geste, as well as commonplaces
proper to these poems, are also to be found, enough
will have been said to show conclusively that the
mind of the Trouvere was stored with romantic
ideas dear to the Middle Ages.
Fulk and Robin Hood. — The adventures of
Fulk Fitz-Warine are worthy to rank with those of
Eustace the Monk, Hereward, Robert Bruce, and
Robin Hood. It is especially with those of the last-
named that they present striking resemblances. Is it
a mere chance, for instance, that the oldest ballad of
the cycle of Robin Hood which has come down to
us, presents so great an analogy with the debut of Fulk
Fitz-Warine ? And if one of the oldest ballads con-
tains the lines —
" It befelle be god Edwards days
For soth so the romans says,
Harkying, I will you telle,
The Kyng to Scherwod gan wend
For to solas hyrn that stond
The grete herte for to hunte
In frythys and felle,"
is it correct to say with Thomas Wright (Essays, II,
172), that "the expression, 'so the romans says,'
seems to have become a mere hackneyed phrase, used
without any meaning " ? Is it by mere chance, again,
that, in the lines of Piers Plowman —
" I can nou^te perfidy my pater-noster as the prest it syngeth :
. But I can rymes of Robyn Hood and Randolf Erie of Chester,"
mention is made of one who, under the name of
Randolfe, Count of Chester, plays an important,
although secondary, part in the romance of Fulk
Fitz-Warine ? And finally, is it merely an accidental
circumstance that the two renowned outlaws act in so
similar a manner in despoiling those they meet con-
veying merchandise to the King of England, or to
the Sheriff of Nottingham ? There is not, at the
present time, any possible answer to all the questions
we ask ourselves respecting the relations that may
have existed between the original type of Robin
Hood and that of Fulk Fitz-Warine. But it is at any
rate useful to ask them, and the mere fact that we can
do this, leads us to imagine that there was a more
profound intermingling of the French literature de-
veloped in England, and the popular English literature,
than is generally recognized.
Style and Dialect. — The Manuscript is written
in rather poor French. All the faults committed by
Anglo-Norman writers are to be found in it, and the
native dialect of the author or authors is not easily-
discoverable. But the narration is often full of
picturesqueness and vivacity. The taking of the
Castle of Dynan by Sir Ernalt, the scene of carnage
which ensued, the slaying of the conqueror by his-
mistress, the lamentations of the murderess, and her
terrible suicide, all constitute a series of scenes of
poignant interest. The descriptions are tempered,
the accessory anecdotes are treated in a tone of
moderation, and the terseness and clearness of the
dialogues are remarkable. Examples of these qualities
will be found to some extent throughout, but above
all in the conversation of Payn with Geomagog, in the
lamentations of Marion de la Bruere, in the scene of
the chess-board, in Fulk's interview with John Lack-
land, in the scene between Fulk and the merchants,
in his interview with the Archbishop of Canterbury,
in the daring behaviour of the minstrel John de
Rampaigne, in Fulk's adventures in France when he
is welcomed by King Philip, in his conversation with
Mador, in the charming episode of the daughter of
Aunflorreis of Orkney, in the scene of the charcoal-
burner, in Fulk's adventures with Messobryns's sister,
and in his repentance.
From the whole there emanates a poetic perfume
which alone would prove that we have to do with a
poem rendered into prose, even if we had not got, in
the text itself, numerous pages where whole passages
in verse are met with. In his preface, Thomas Wright
has said what is essential on this subject. We will
content ourselves with referring the reader to his
preface, and also to the notice of H. L. D. Ward, for
all that concerns the relation of Fulk Fitz-Warine
with the works of Anthony Munday and of Henry
Chettle.
Among the works which have derived, more or
less immediately, their inspiration from the history of
Fulk Fitz-Warine, we think it is of interest to note
Professor Skeat's Ludhw Castle, in which the author
so skilfully versified the love-story of Havise, evidently
under the influence of Sir Walter Scott.
Louis BRANDIN.
IN the time of April and May, when once again
the meadows and the pastures become green, and
all living things renew their virtue and beauty and
strength, and the hills and the valleys resound with
the sweet warble of the birds, and, by reason of the
beauty of the weather and of the season, all hearts
are uplifted and made glad, then is it meet that we
should call to remembrance the adventures and the
brave deeds of our ancestors, who made endeavour
to seek honour in loyalty, and to relate such things
as should be profitable to many.
Good sirs, of old have you heard tell how that
William the Bastard, the Duke of Normandy, came,
with a great host, and folk without number, into
England, and there conquered by force all the land,
and slew the King Harold, and caused himself to be
crowned at London, and established peace and laws
as it pleased him, and bestowed lands on divers folk
who came with him. At that time Owen Gwynned
was Prince of Wales, and he was a valiant and dexterous
warrior, and the King feared him more than all beside.
This Owen had laid waste all the march, and all was
void from Chester unto Mount Gilbert. And the
King equipped himself very richly, and with a great
host he came into the county of Shrewsbury, and
found all the towns from Chester unto Shrewsbury
burnt, for the Prince claimed all the march for his
own, and as pertaining to Powis.
And the Prince withdrew, for he dared not await
the King. And the King was very wise, and he
bethought him that he would give the lands of the
march to the most valiant knights of all his host, to
the end that the march might be defended against
the Prince, to their own profit, and to the honour of
their lord, the King. And the King called unto him
Roger de Belehealme, and gave unto him all the
county of Shrewsbury free of all service, and it was
called a County Palatine. And Roger founded without
the town of Shrewsbury an abbey of St. Peter, and he
endowed it right richly. And he held the county all
his life. He began a castle at Brugge, and another he
began at Dynan, but never did he finish them.
And after that Roger was dead, Robert, his son,
had all the county of Shrewsbury, and Ernald, his
younger son, had Pembroke. They were men very
z
wanton and very base, and they did great wrong to
their lord, King Henry, the son of William the Bastard,
and brother to King William Rufus, in that they
finished the castle of Brugge despite the behest of
King Henry, for the which King Henry dispossessed
them, and banished them for the rest of their days,
and gave their lands to his knights. And the castle
of Dynan, and all the country around on the borders
of the river of Corve, with all its fiefs, he gave to
Sir Joce, his knight. And from that time forth he
took unto himself the surname of Dynan, and was
called of all Joce de Dynan. And this Joce finished
the castle the which Roger de Belehealme in his time
had begun, and he was a strong and valiant knight.
And longwhile was the town called Dynan which is
now called Ludlow. And this Joce caused to be
built, below the town of Dynan, a bridge of stone
and lime, extending beyond the river of Teme to the
highway which passes over the march from Chester
to Bristol. And Joce built his castle of Dynan with
three walls, and encompassed it about with two
fosses, one within and one without.
Now when King William the Bastard came to the
hills and valleys of Wales, he saw a very large town,
aforetime enclosed with high walls, all burnt and laid
3
waste. And below the town, in a plain, he caused
his tents to be set up, and there would he remain,
said he, that night. Then inquired the King of a
Briton the name of the town, and how it came to be
thus laid waste. " Sire," said the Briton, " this will
I tell you. The castle was aforetime called Castle
Bran, but now it is called the Old March. In time
past there came into this country one Brutus, a very
valiant knight, and Corineus, from whom Cornwall
has still its name, and many others derived from the
lineage of Troy. And none inhabited these parts
save some very ill-favoured folk, great giants, whose
king was called Geomagog. And these heard of the
coming of Brutus, and they set them forth to en-
counter him. And at last all the giants were slain,
save only Geomagog, who was of marvellous size.
And Corineus, the valiant, said that willingly would
he do combat with Geomagog, to essay the strength
of Geomagog. And at the first onset, so tightly
did the giant embrace Corineus, that he brake three
of his ribs. And Corineus was filled with anger, anc
struck Geomagog with his foot, so that he fell from
a great rock into the sea, and there was Geomagog
drowned. And then an evil spirit entered into the
body of Geomagog, and came into these parts, anc
4
long did he defend the country, so that never Briton
dared dwell there. And longwhile after, King Bran,
the son of Donwal, caused the city to be rebuilt, and
he made good the walls, and strengthened the large
fosses, and he built Burgh and Great March. And
the Evil Spirit came by night, and despoiled all that
was therein, and since then has no one ever dwelt
there."
Greatly did the King marvel at this. And Payn
Peverel, a proud and brave knight, cousin to the King,
heard all, and said that that night he would essay the
marvel. And Payn Peverel armed himself very richly,
and took his shield of shining gold, with a cross in-
dented azure, and fifteen knights and other men-at-
arms, and he went into the chiefest palace, and there
lodged him. And when that the night was come, the
weather became so foul and black and dark, and there
arose such a tempest of lightning and thunder, that
so affrighted were all those who were there, that
they could stir neither foot nor hand, but lay upon
the ground as though dead. And the proud Payn
was sore afraid, but he put his trust in the God whose
sign of the cross he bore, and he perceived that he
could have no help save from God alone. And he lay
upon the ground, and with right true devotion he
5
prayed God and his Mother Mary that they would
defend him that night from the power of the Evil One.
And scarce was his prayer ended, than there came the
Devil in the semblance of Geomagog, and he carried
in his hand a large club, and from his mouth he hurled
forth fire and smoke, by the which the town was all
illumined. But Payn had great trust in God, and
signed himself with the cross, and valiantly did he
assail the Devil. And the Devil uplifted his club,
and would have struck Payn, but that he avoided the
blow. And by reason of the cross, the Devil was
sore dismayed, and his strength failed him, for he
could not come nigh the cross. And Payn pursued
him until he smote him with his sword, so that he
began to cry out, and fell all flat upon the ground,
and yielded himself vanquished, " Sir Knight," said
he, " you have laid me low not by reason of your own
strength, but by virtue of the cross which you bear."
" Tell me, you ill-favoured creature," said Payn, " who
you are, and what is your concern in this town. I
conjure you in the name of God and of the Holy
Cross." Then began the Evil One to relate, word
for word, that which the Briton had erewhile re-
counted, and he told how that as soon as Geomagog
was dead, forthwith he rendered his soul to Beelzebub,
6
their Prince, who entered into the body of Geomagog,
and came in his form into these parts to guard tKe
great treasure which Geomagog had gathered together
and put into a house which he had made beneath the
ground in that town. And Payn asked of him what
sort of creature he was, and he made answer that
aforetime he was an angel, but that now, for his
offence, he was become an evil spirit. " And what
treasure," said Payn, " had Geomagog ? " " Oxen,
and cows, and swans, and peacocks, and horses, and all
other beasts, wrought in fine gold. And he had a
golden bull, the which, through my aid, was his seer,
and in it was all his trust, and it told unto him the
adventures that were to befall. And twice in each
year did the giants do homage to their god, the
which was the golden bull, by the which so much gold
was gathered together, that it is a marvel. And after-
ward it came to pass that all this land was called the
White Plain, and I and my comrades set the plain about
with a high wall and a deep fosse, so that there was
no way in save only by this town, the which was full
of evil spirits. And in the plain we held jousts and
tournaments, and many came for to see the marvels,
but never an one escaped. And at last there came a
disciple of Jesus, who was called Augustine, and by
7
reason of his preaching he took many from us, and
he baptized folk, and built a chapel in his name ;
from the which sore trouble came to us." " Now
tell me," said Payn, " where is the treasure of which
you have spoken." " Knight," answered he, "speak no
more of that, for it is destined for others. But you
will be lord of all this fief, and those who shall come
after you shall hold it with much strife and war.
And from thy default will issue the wolf who will
do wonders, who will have sharp teeth, and will be
known of all, and will be so strong and fierce that
he will drive the wild boar from out the White
Plain, such great power will he have. The leopard
will follow the wolf and will menace him at arm's
length. The wolf will leave woods and hills, in the
water will he dwell with the fishes, and he will pass
over the sea, and will environ this whole island. At
length will he subdue the leopard by his cunning and
his artifice. Then will he come into this plain, and
will make his stronghold in the water."
And when the Spirit had thus spoken, he came out
of the body, and there arose such a stench, that Payn
thought to die of it. And when the Spirit was de-
parted, the night cleared, and the weather became
fair, and the knights and the others who had been
affrighted, rallied themselves, and much marvelled
they at the adventure which had chanced to them.
And on the morrow the matter was shown to the King
and to all the host. And the King caused the body of
Geomagog to be brought, and to be cast into a deep
pit without the town, but he caused the club to be
preserved, and longwhile he showed it unto the
people because of the marvel of its size.
And the King departed thence, and came into a
country hard by the White Plain, the which aforetime
belonged to a Briton, Meredus, the son of Beledyns.
And on the border of it was a small castle called
Tree of Oswald, but now is it called Osewaldestre.
And the King summoned a knight, Alan, the son of
Flaeu, and gave unto him the small castle with its
fiefs. And from this Alan come all the great lords
of England who have for surname Fitz Alan. And
later, this Alan caused the castle to be much
enlarged.
And the King passed the river of Severn, and saw
that the country around was good and fair. And he
called unto him a knight who was born in Lorraine,
in the city of Metz, and who was much renowned
for strength, for comeliness, and for courtesy. And
his banner was of red samite, with two golden pea-
9
cocks. And he gave to him Alberbury, with all its
fiefs. And in such manner did the King grant unto
his best and most trusty knights all the lands, chases,
and fees, from Chester even unto Bristol.
And the King sent for Payn Peverel, and made
grant to him of the White Plain, with its forests and
wastes and chases, and all the land. And there was
on it a little hill environed by marsh and water. And
there Payn built a fair and strong tower, and the little
hill was called Waybury, and there runs by it a river,
the which takes its name from Payn Peverel, and it is
called Peverel, but to fore it was called Pevereynes.
And after that he had thus set the country in order,
the King went back to London, and from London to
Normandy, and there he died. Then there reigned
in England William Rufus, his son, and after him,
Henry, his younger brother, who afterward detained
Robert Courthose, his eldest brother, in prison, his
whole life long, the reason of which will not be here
set out.
And then it happed that Payn Peverel died in his
castle on the Peak. And William Peverel, the son of
his sister, became possessed of all the heritage of Payn.
And after, this William conquered with his sword all
the land of Morlas even to the waters of Dee, and
10
Ellesmere, and Maelor, and Nauhendon. And this
William built a tower in the White Plain, and he
called it White-Tower, the which is in English Whit-
tington. And in Ellesmere he built another tower,
and yet another on the waters of Keyroc. And
William had two fair nieces, the elder Eleyne, and
the younger Melette, and he gave Eleyne to the son
of Alan to wife, and bestowed on her, on her marriage,
all the land of Morlas as far as Keyroc. But Melette
was the fairer, and for her beauty she was the more
desired, but none found favour with her. And
William reasoned with her, and besought of her that
she would discover unto him if there was in the world
any knight whom she would take for lord, and if there
was not such an one, then would he aid her all he
could. " Certes, Sire," said she, " no knight is there
in all the world that I would take for the sake of
riches and the honour of lands, but if ever I take such
an one, he shall be handsome, and courteous, and
accomplished, and the most valiant of his order in
all Christendom. Of riches I make no account, for
truly can I say that he is rich who has that which his
heart desires." And William, when he heard this,
smiled, and said, " Sweet niece, well have you spoken,
and I will aid you as much as in me lies to find such
ii
a lord. And for portion I will give you White-
Tower, and all that belongs to it, with all its fiefs,
for so much the more will the woman who has land
in fee be sought after." Then William made a
proclamation in many a land, and in many a city,
that all the knights of worth who would tourney for
love, should come at the feast of St. Michael to the
castle of Peverel, which is on the Peak, and the
knight who should do best, and should win the tourna-
ment, that one should have the love of Melette of
the White-Tower, and should be lord and seigneur
of White Town and of all its fiefs. And forthwith
was this proclamation published throughout many
lands. And Guarin de Metz, the valiant, had neither
wife nor child, and he made known to John, the Duke
of Brittany, all the contents of this proclamation,
and prayed of him aid and succour in his need. And
the Duke was very valiant. He had ten sons who were
knights, the fairest and the most valiant of body in
all Brittany — Roger, the eldest, and Howel, and Audoin,
and Urien, and Theobald, and Bertram, and Amis,
and Guichard, and Gerard, and Guy. And the Duke
sent these ten sons, and an hundred knights with them,
well mounted, and furnished with rich apparel, to
his cousin Guarin de Metz, and he received them with
great honour. And Eneas, the son of the King of
Scotland, came with the Count of Murray ; and also
the Bruces, the Dunbars, and the Umfrevilles, and
two hundred knights. And Owen, the Prince of
Wales, came with two hundred shields, and the Duke
of Burgundy with three hundred knights. Ydromor,
the son of the King of Galloway, came with an
hundred and fifty knights. And the knights of
England were numbered at three hundred. And
Guarin de Metz and his companions encamped them-
selves in tents set in the forest nigh unto where the
tournament should be, well clad by mutual accord
in red samite, and in warlike fashion were their steeds
accoutred down to the ground. And Guarin himself,
so as to be unknown of the others, bare a crest of gold.
Then resounded the tabors, the trumpets, and the
saracen horns, until the valleys echoed with the sound.
And the tournament waxed fierce and desperate.
There could one see knights unhorsed, and many
hard blows given, and many overcome.
And the damsel, and many ladies, had ascended a
tower, and saw the fair assemblage of knights, and
how each one bore himself. To record the blows and
the issues I am not minded, but Guarin de Metz and
his company proved that day the best, the fairest,
13
and the most valiant, and above all, Guarin was the
most praised in all ways. And the evening drew nigh,
and because of the night, the tournament could no
longer endure. The knights departed to their hostels,
and Guarin and his companions returned privily to
their tents in the forest, and disarmed them, and
made great rejoicing. And not one of the other
great lords knew whither they went, or who they
were, so secretly did they bear themselves, and they
were unknown of all.
And on the morrow a general tourney was proclaimed.
Then Guarin came to the joust as if by chance, and
all unknown, and decked with ivy leaves all fresh
from the forest. And when the Duke of Burgundy
espied him, anon he rushed upon him, and dealt him
a heavy blow with his lance, and Guarin struck him
back, and he was unhorsed in the middle of the lists,
and then fell another, and then a third. And Melette
of the White-Tower sent him her glove, and prayed
of him to defend her. And he made answer that he
would do what in him lay, and then he repaired to the
forest, and armed himself with his red harness, and
came with his companions into the lists, and he was
victorious in the tourney, and held the field against
all comers. Then was it adjudged by all the great
lords and the heralds and the umpires, that to Guarin,
who was the victorious knight, of right fell the prize
of the tournament, and Melette of the White-Tower.
And with great joy did he take her, and the damsel
him. Then they sent for the Bishop of the country,
and, in the sight of all, they were wedded. And
William Peverel made a very rich feast at the marriage,
and when that the feast was ended, Guarin took his
spouse and his company, and they departed to White
Town, and there they stayed in great felicity forty
days. Then the ten brothers returned with their
hundred knights to Brittany, but Guy, the youngest
brother, remained in England, and conquered with
his sword many fair lands, and he was called Guy
PEstrange, and from him are descended all the great
lords of England who have for surname Estrange.
And longwhile in great honour Guarin de Metz
held the lordship of White Town, but Jervard, the
son of Owen, Prince of Wales, did him great damage,
and slew his people and laid waste his lands. And
then a day of battle was appointed, when many
brave men perished. And in the end, Jervard was
vanquished, for he lost many of his men, and he
abandoned the field and fled in dishonour.
Then did Guarin appoint a very powerful and
brave knight, Guy, the son of Candelou de Porkington,
to guard the honour of White Town and the other
lands. And it befell that the lady became with child.
And when she was delivered at the time ordained of
God, they called the child Fulk. And when the child
was seven years of age, they sent him to Joce de Dynan
to teach and to nurture, for Joce was a knight of
learning. And Joce received him with great honour
and great tenderness, and he nourished him in his
chambers with his children, for he had two daughters,
of whom the younger was of the like age with Fulk,
and she was called Hawyse. And the elder was
named Sibylle. And at this time there was great
discord and strife betwixt Sir Joce de Dynan and
Sir Walter de Lacy, who then sojourned much at
Ewyas. And by reason of this discord, many good
knights and many brave men perished, for they
harried one another, and set fire to their lands, and
plundered and robbed their people, and much other
damage did they. And when Fulk was eighteen
years of age, he was very fair, and strong, and tall.
And on a day in summer, Sir Joce arose early, and
mounted a tower in the middle of his castle to survey
the country. And he looked towards the hill which
is called Whitecliff, and descried the fields covered
16
with knights and esquires, and men-at-arms and
valets, some armed on horseback, and some a-foot,
and he heard the horses neigh and saw the helmets
glitter. And amongst them he saw the banner of
Sir Walter de Lacy, emblazoned with new gold, a
fess gules. Then he called to his knights, and bade
them arm them and mount their steeds and take their
crossbowmen and their archers, and go to the bridge
below the town of Dynan, and hold the bridge and
the ford that none might pass there. And Sir Walter
and his followers thought to pass in safety, but the
followers of Sir Joce drave them back, and many
on both sides were drowned and slain. Then came
Sir Joce with his banner argent, three lions passant
azure, surmounted with crowns or, and with him were
five hundred knights and men-at-arms, on horseback
and a-foot, besides burgesses and their servants, who
were good men. And Joce passed the bridge in great
force, and the hosts hurled themselves against one
another.
And with his lance Joce pierced Godebrand, who
carried the banner of de Lacy, through his body, and
de Lacy lost his banner. Then the combatants fell
upon each other, and on both sides there were many
slain. But de Lacy was worsted, wherefore he fled
'7 c
discomfited, and wended his way along the river of
Teme. And the lady, with her daughters and her
other maidens, had ascended a tower, and from there
they saw all the battle, and devoutly they prayed
God that he would save their lord and his folk from
hurt and damage. And Joce de Dynan knew Walter
de Lacy by his harness, and he saw him fleeing all
alone, for great fear had he for his life. And he drave
his spurs into his steed, and passed the hills and vales,
and in a short while he was come up with de Lacy in
a valley below the wood toward Broomfield, and he
demanded of him to yield. And de Lacy saw no one
save Joce only, and he turned him back very boldly.
And they fell upon one another fiercely, for neither
looked for quarter from the other. And they ex-
changed great and heavy blows. And to Joce it
seemed that too longwhile did the combat endure, and
he raised his sword with ire, and struck de Lacy on the
shield, so that he clave it in twain, and badly did he
wound him through the left arm. And Joce at-
tacked him hotly, and nearly had he taken him, when
Sir Godard de Bruce, and two knights with him,
came to the succour of de Lacy. And very boldly
did Sir Godard and his fellows assail Sir Joce on all
sides, and he defended himself against them like a lion.
if
And the lady and her daughters in the tower saw
their lord so pressed, that scarce could they endure, and
they wept, and they swooned, and made great lament-
ation, for never more did they think to see their lord
alive. And Fulk Fitz-Warine was left in the castle, for
he was but eighteen years old, and he heard the cry
in the tower, and mounted in haste, and saw the lady
and all the others weeping. And he went to Hawyse,
and asked of her what ailed her, and wherefore she
bore such doleful countenance. And she made
answer, " Be silent. Little do you resemble your
father, who is so brave and so strong, and you are a
coward, and always will be. See you not that my
lord, who has cherished and nourished you with great
tenderness, is in peril of death yonder for lack of aid ?
And you, villain, go hither and thither in safety,
and give it no thought." And the valet, because of
her reproof, was all filled with anger and vexation,
and anon he descended from the tower, and found in
the hall an old and rusty hauberk, and forthwith he
put it on as best he knew how, and he took in his hand
a large Danish axe. And he went to a stable the
which was nigh unto the postern leading to the river,
and there he found a pack-horse. And forthwith
he mounted the pack-horse, and went forth by the
19
postern, and soon passed the river, and went to the
field where his lord was struck down from off his
steed, and on the point to be slain if he had not come
up. And Fulk had an ill-fashioned helm, the which
well-nigh covered his shoulders. And at the first
onset he struck with his axe Godard de Bruce, who
had seized his lord, and he clave his spine in twain,
and he set his lord again in his saddle. And then
Fulk addressed himself to Sir Andrew de Preez, and
he dealt at him with his axe on his helm of white
steel, so that he clave it clean to the teeth. And
Sir Arnald de Lys saw well that in nowise could he
escape, for he was sore wounded, and he yielded him
to Sir Joce. And de Lacy defended himself, but in
a little he was captured.
And then were Sir Walter de Lacy and Sir Arnald
de Lys taken, and they were led over the river to the
castle of Dynan. Then spake Sir Joce, " Friend
burgess, you are very strong and brave, and but for
you I should have been now dead. Much am I
beholden to you, and shall be for alway. You shall
dwell with me, and never will I fail you." And Joce
thought that he had been a burgess, for the burgesses
of right carried arms, and those which the lad bore
were rusty and rude. Then the lad made answer
20
and said, " Sire, I am no burgess. Know you me
not ? I am Fulk, your foster-child." " Fair son,"
said he, " blessed be the day that ever I nourished
you. Never is labour lost which is done for a brave
man."
Then they led Sir Walter and Sir Arnald to a tower
which is called Pendover, and there they caused their
wounds to be dressed, and they guarded them in great
honour. And each day the lady and her daughters
and their damsels comforted and solaced Sir Walter
and Sir Arnald de Lys.
And Sir Arnald was a young bachelor, and fair,
and he was greatly overcome of love of Marion de la
Bruere, a very pretty damsel, and she was the chief
serving- woman to the lady of the castle of Dynan.
And oft did Sir Arnald and the damsel hold converse
together, for each day she came unto the tower with
her lady for to comfort Sir Walter de Lacy and Sir
Arnald. And on a day it happed that Sir Arnald,
when that he saw occasion, besought the damsel, and
said that she was the one he most loved, and so much
was he overcome of love of her, that no rest could he
have day or night without she yielded to him, for she
could aid him in all his troubles. And if this she
would do, then would he plight his honour that never
another would he love, but her only, and as soon as
he should be free, then would he take her to wife.
And the damsel heard the fair promise, and granted
unto him to do all his will, and took surety of him that
he would do by her according to his promise. And the
damsel made promise to them that she would privily
aid them to the utmost, to the end that they might
be delivered out of prison. And she took towels and
sheets, and carried them to the tower, and sewed them
together, and with these she let down Sir Walter
and Sir Arnald from the tower, and she prayed of
them to keep their faith, and the promise which
they had made unto her. And they answered her
that loyally would they behave to her, without
breaking their pledge, and they commended her to
God.
And Sir Walter and Sir Arnald departed on their
way all alone a-foot. And at daybreak they came to
Ewyas, to the castle of Sir Walter de Lacy. And
when the people saw their lord returned sound and
in health, it needs not to ask if they were well pleased,
for they thought to have lost him for aye. And on
the morrow, Joce de Dynan arose, and he went to
his chapel within the castle, the which was built and
was dedicated to the honour of the Magdalene, and
the day of dedication was the day of St. Cyriac,~with
seventy days of pardon. Here he heard the service
of God, and when that he had done this, he ascended
the highest tower which is in the third bailey of the
castle, the which is now called of many Mortimer.
And for this reason has it the name of Mortimer,
that longwhile was one of the Mortimers imprisoned
in it. And Joce surveyed the country, and naught
saw he amiss. And he descended from the tower,
and sounded the horn for washing, and sent for his
prisoner, Sir Walter, for he held him in such honour
that never would he wash or eat afore him. And
the prisoners were sought everywhere. But to no
purpose was it, for they were escaped. And Sir Joce
made no semblance of regret for their going, nor did
he take any heed of it.
And Sir Walter thought to avenge himself or die.
And he sent for his people of Ireland, and took into
his pay knights and others, so that there was rude
combat and hard fighting betwixt Sir Walter and
Sir Joce. And the earls and the barons of England
saw the great mortality and the hurt which had
chanced, and which still chanced betwixt them from
day to day, so that they devised a love-day between
Sir Walter and Sir Joce, and then all grievances were
23
redressed, and the parties were reconciled, and
before the great lords they embraced one another.
And Joce de Dynan sent letters to Guarin de Metz,
the father of the lad Fulk, and to Melette, his good
lady. And Fulk was dark of countenance, and because
of this he was called of many Fulk le Brun.
Then Guarin and Melette, with a great retinue,
came to the castle of Dynan, and there they were
received with much honour and gladness, and they
tarried there a week. And Joce spake with great
courtesy to Guarin, and said to him, " Sire, here have
you a son whom I have fostered for you. I trust that
he will be a brave and valiant man, and that he will
be your heir if he survive you. And I have two
daughters who are my heirs, and if so it pleases you,
I would that we may be allied by marriage, and then
scarce shall we fear that, for any great lord in England,
our cause shall not be maintained of right and of
justice. And if you will grant this, I would that
Fulk le Brun wed Hawyse, my younger daughter,
and that he be heir to the moiety of all my lands."
And Guarin gave him much thanks for his fair offer,
and said that he would grant unto him all according
to his wish. And on the morrow they sent to Here-
ford for the Bishop de . . . . And the Bishop came,
24
and with great honour he wedded them. And Joce
held high festival for fifteen days. And when the
feast was ended, Sir Joce and Sir Guarin and their
households departed to Hartland, for there would
they sojourn awhile. And Marion de la Bruere
feigned to be sick, and she lay in her bed, and said
that so sick was she, that she could not move save
with great dolour. And she remained at the castle
of Dynan. And Joce commanded that she be well
cared for. And for fear of de Lacy and of other folk,
he took into his pay thirty knights, and seventy
fighting-men and valets, and he delivered unto them
his castle to guard until the time of his return into
the country. And when Joce was departed, Marion
sent a message on the morrow to Sir Arnald de Lys,
and she prayed of him, for the great amity that was
between them, that he would not forget the coven-
ants made between them, and that he would come in
all haste to speak with her at the castle of Dynan, for
that her lord, and her lady, and the greater part of
their household, were departed to Hartland, and that
he would come to the self-same place where aforetime
he had escaped from the castle. And when Sir
Arnald had heard the message of his mistress, forth-
with he sent back the same messenger, and prayed
25
of her that for the love of him she would measure
the height of the window by the which he had made
good his escape from the castle, and that she would
send back word by the same messenger what kind
of folk, and how many, and what household, her lord
had left behind him. And the damsel, who had no
suspicion of treason, took a silken thread, and let it
down from the window to the ground, and then she
sent to Sir Arnald all the condition of the castle.
And Sir Arnald sent back word to his mistress that
on the fourth day, before the hour of midnight, he
would be at the same window by the which he had
passed out, and he prayed of her to await him there.
And Sir Arnald de Lys caused a ladder of leather
to be made of the same length as the silken thread
which his mistress had sent unto him. Then went
Sir Arnald to Sir Walter de Lacy, his lord, and re-
counted unto him how that Fulk, the son of Guarin
de Metz, had wedded Hawyse, the daughter of Sir
Joce de Dynan, and how that Sir Guarin and Sir Joce
had left a garrison in the castle of Dynan, and had
themselves departed to Hartland to seek fighting-
men, and there to assemble their men, and to muster
a host, and people without number. " And," said
he, " when all the host shall be assembled, forthwith
26
will they come to Ewyas, and will burn and seize
your lands. And if they can take your body, you
will be cut in small pieces, and you and yours will be
disinherited for ever. And she who sends me this
news is well known unto you, and she knows and has
heard the truth."
And when Sir Walter heard these tidings, he became
all pale with rage, and said, " Certes, I cannot believe
that Sir Joce would do me such deceit, since we are
reconciled, and before many did we embrace each
other. And sorely was I vexed that our peers said
that by me would the truce be broken, and that
Sir Joce is held as a loyal knight." " Sire," made
answer Sir Arnald, " you are my lord. I warn you
of your hurt, for I know the truth from her who has
heard speak of the matter. And tell me not at
another time that I knew of your hurt, and would
not warn you of it, nor that I have belied my fealty
unto you."
And Sir Walter became very pensive, for he knew
none to counsel him well in the matter. And at last
he said, " Sir Arnald, what do you counsel me ? "
" Sire," said he, " put trust in my counsel, and you
will do well. I myself will go, with my company,
and by a ruse will I take the castle of Dynan. And
27
when Sir Joce shall have lost his stronghold, then will
he harry you the less, and he will give up his purpose,
and by so much will you be avenged on him for the
shame which ofttimes he has brought upon us. And
consider, Sire, that, whether it be right or wrong,
it is meet that a man avenge himself on his enemy."
And Sir Walter yielded himself in all things to the
counsel of Sir Arnald, and he thought that he had
spoken to him truly in all that he had said ; but he
lied unto him like a false knight.
And Sir Arnald got ready his company, which was
large, for he had more than a thousand of knights
and of esquires and of men-at-arms. And he came to
the castle of Dynan by night, and he caused some of
his company to remain in the wood nigh unto White-
cliff, and the others to embush themselves below the
castle in the gardens. And the night was very dark,
so that they were not perceived by the watch, nor
by any other. And Sir Arnald took with him an
esquire who carried the leathern ladder, and they
went to the window where Marion awaited them.
And when she saw them, never was she so joyful,
and she let down a cord, and drew up the ladder, and
made it fast to a crenelle in the wall. And safely
and easily did Sir Arnald mount the tower, and he
28
took his love in his arms and kissed her. And they
had great joy, and went thence into another chamber
and supped, and then went they to bed, and the
ladder was left hanging. And the esquire who had
carried it sought the knights and the large company
who were ambushed in the garden of the lord and
elsewhere, and he brought them to the ladder. And
an hundred men, well armed, mounted by the leathern
ladder, and descended from the tower Pendover,
and went by the wall behind the chapel. And they
found the watch asleep, for he seemed heavy with
the presentiment of death. And forthwith they took
him, and would have cast him down from the tower
into the deep fosse but that he cried them mercy,
and begged of them that they would let him whistle
a note ere he died. And they granted unto him his
request, but this he asked to the end that the knights
within might be warned. But all in vain was it, for
whilst he whistled, most of the knights and the men-
at-arms were cut to pieces. And they screamed, and
cried out in their beds, that God might have pity.
But the companions of Sir Arnald were without pity,
and all within were put to a cruel death, and many
a sheet that was white at even, was all reddened with
blood. And then they cast the watch into the deep
fosse, and his neck was broken. And Marion de la
Bruere lay beside her love, Sir Arnald, and knew
naught of the treason that Sir Arnald had committed.
And she heard great ado in the castle, and she arose and
looked down from the castle, and heard the clamour,
and the cries of the wounded, and she saw the armed
knights and their white helms and hauberks. Then
did she perceive that Sir Arnald had deceived her,
and had betrayed her, and she began to weep very
sadly, and said ruefully, " Alas that ever I was born
of mother ! for, by my fault has my lord, Sir Joce,
who has fostered me in safety, lost his castle and his
brave men, and if I had never been, naught would have
been lost. Alas that ever I put my trust in this knight,
for by his cunning he has deceived me, and my lord,
who is still more to me ! " And all weeping, Marion
drew the sword of Sir Arnald and said, " Awaken,
Sir Knight, for you have led a strange company into
the castle of my lord without warrant. But if you,
Sire, and your esquire, were lodged by me, not so
were the others, who are here by your means. And
since you have deceived me, you cannot rightly blame
me if I render unto you service according to your
desert. Never shall you make boast to any mistress
that you may have, that by my deceit you gained the
30
castle of Dynan and the country." And the knight
arose. And Marion, with the sword which she held
drawn in her hand, ran it through the body of the
knight, and the knight perished forthwith. And
Marion knew well that if she were taken, she would
be delivered over unto a cruel death, and she knew
not what to do. So she let herself fall from a window
towards Linney, and brake her neck.
And the knights who were in the castle unfastened
the gates, and they sallied forth into the town., and
opened the gate of Dynan towards the river, and
made all their men to come in. And at the end of
each street in the town they placed many men, and
caused the town to be set on fire. And the burgesses
and the fighting-men of the town, when they saw
the fire, rose from their beds, some naked, and others
clad, and they knew not what to do, for they were all
well-nigh mad. And the knights and the esquires
of de Lacy fell upon them, and cut them to pieces,
and slew of them a great number. And the bur-
gesses could not defend themselves, neither knew they
how, and all who were found were cut to pieces, or
burnt in the fire. And the damsels fled by the lanes,
and saw their fathers and their brothers lie slain in
the way, and they fell on their knees, and prayed
3'
mercy, and pardon of their life. But it was in vain,
as the history recounts. Men, women, and children,
young and old, all were slain, either by weapon or
by fire.
And at last the day dawned, and then they sent
to their lord that he, with all his force, should come
to the castle of Dynan. And this he did, and he
caused his banner to be raised on Pendover in sign
that he had gained the place where once he was put
in prison. But the town, and all that was therein,
was burnt to ashes.
And when the news came to Sir Joce and to Sir
Guarin de Metz, they were sore grieved, and sad and
sorrowful. Then they sent far and near to their
kinsmen and their friends and their own folk, so that
they had, within the month, seven thousand hardy
men, well appointed. And they came to the castle of
Key, which is entrenched upon a little hill a league's
distance from Dynan. But Castle Key was old at
that time, and the gates were rotten, for no one had
dwelt therein for the space of an hundred years.
For Key, the seneschal of my lord King Arthur,
built it, and to him belonged all the country, and
even now it bears the name, for the country folk call
it Keyenham. And Joce, and Guarin, and Fulk le
3*
Brun, with their men, went on the morrow to the
castle of Dynan, and attacked it very fiercely on all
sides. And right bravely did Sir Walter and his
knights defend the crenelles and the walls. And then
Sir Walter and his Irish men sallied forth from the
castle, and they made a fierce onset on those who
were without. And Joce, and Guarin, and Fulk
assailed them on all sides, and slew them in great
numbers. And the Irish lay cut to pieces in the
fields and the gardens, so that Sir Walter and his men
were worsted, and he and his men retreated, and
entered the castle, and defended the walls. And if
they had remained without, very grievous tidings
would they have heard.
And Sir Joce and Sir Guarin returned to their
lodgings and disarmed them, and when they had
eaten, they made merry together.
And on the morrow they attacked the castle very
fiercely on all sides, but they could not take it. And
all they could find without, they cut to pieces. And
longwhile the siege endured. And thereafter it happed
that, by the assent of a King of England, the gates of
the castle, which were treble, were burnt and con-
sumed by fire, the which was kindled with bacon and
with grease, and the tower over the gate was burned
33 D
likewise. And the high tower which is in the third
bailey of the castle, the which was so strong and so
well built that at that time was no stronger or better
known, was in great part thrown down, and the
bailey was well-nigh all destroyed.
And Sir Guarin fell sick, and took his leave of
Sir Joce, and he went to Alberbury with one esquire
only, and died. And Fulk le Brun, when his father
was dead, came to Alberbury, and received the homage
and the fealty of all the people who held of his father,
and he took his leave of Melette, his mother, and of
Hawyse, his wife, and then returned he to Sir Joce,
and related unto him that which had happened to
his father, at the which news was Joce sore grieved.
And Sir Walter was sorrowful and an angered that
he had lost his men, and he feared much to be beaten
and vanquished, and he thought within himself very
anxiously, and then he sent a letter to Jervard Droyn-
doun, the Prince of Wales, as to his lord, friend, and
kinsman, and he recounted unto him by letter how
that Sir William Peverel, who held Maelor and Elles-
mere, was dead, and that those lands were of the
seigniory pertaining to Powis, and that wrongfully
did Sir William hold them by gift of the King of
England, and that the King would seize them for his
34
own. " And, if he does so, a very bad neighbour will
he be to you, for he loves you not. And because of
this, Sire, come you, and challenge your right, and if
so it pleases you, send me succour, for closely am I
(besieged in the castle of Dynan."
And Jervard, when he heard the news, assembled
the Welsh, and the Scotch, and the Irish, to the
number of more than twenty thousand, and then he
hasted to the march, and burnt the towns, and plun-
dered the people, and so great a host had he, that the
country could not withstand them. And Joce was
wary, and he learnt of the approach of Jervard, and
he and his people and Fulk armed themselves, and
boldly did they attack Roger de Powis and Jonas his
brother, who came in the vanguard of the host of
Jervard, and they slew many of their men. And
Roger and Jonas could not withstand the attack, and
they resorted again backward. And at length came
Jervard, armed, and his arms were or, quarterly
gules, and in each quarter a leopard. And he at-
tacked Sir Joce and Fulk. And longwhile did they
defend themselves, and they slew many of their people,
but they had so great plenty of people, that Sir Joce
could not continue the strife, and he fell back upon
Castle Key, at a league from Dynan. But much
35
misfortune came to him, for he had lost many of his
men. And Jervard and de Lacy, who were now
o'erjoyed, pursued Sir Joce and Fulk, and besieged
them in the small castle, and attacked them very
fiercely. And for three days, without eating or
drinking, Joce and Fulk defended their old and weak
castle against all the host. And on the fourth day
Sir Joce said that greater honour would it be to them
to quit the castle, and to die on the field with honour,
than to die of hunger with dishonour in the castle.
And anon they sallied forth, and at their first encounter
they slew more than three hundred knights, esquires,
and men-at-arms. And Jervard Droyndoun and
de Lacy and their men attacked Sir Joce and his men,
and they defended themselves like lions, but they
were hemmed in of so many, that no longer could
they endure, for the horse of Sir Joce was killed, and he
himself was sore wounded, and of his knights, some
were taken and some were slain. Then they took
Sir Joce and his knights, and they sent them to prison
in the castle of Dynan, there where, aforetime, he
was lord and master.
And when Fulk saw Sir Joce taken and led away,
he was well-nigh beside himself with grief and anger,
and he spurred his horse, and with his lance he struck
36
through the body a knight who led him. Then came
Owen Keveyloc, a bold and fierce knight, and with
a lance of ash he struck Fulk through the hollow of
his body, and the lance brake, and the piece remained
in his body, but his entrails were not touched. And
Fulk felt himself to be sorely wounded, and no longer
could he defend himself, so he took to flight, and the
others followed hard after him for two leagues and
more, and when they could not come up with him,
they turned back, and they seized all the lands which
belonged to Fulk. And they took Guy, the son of
Candelou de Porkington, who was constable to Fulk,
and put him in prison at Rhuddlan, and his seven
sons with him.
And in sore grief was Fulk for his lord, and having
heard how that King Henry was dwelling at Gloucester,
he went straightway thither. And as he neared the
town, the King was about to divert himself in a
meadow after supper, and he saw Fulk coming armed
on horseback, and riding very painfully, for he was
weak, and his steed was weary. Then said the King,
" Let us wait, for now shall we hear news." And
Fulk came up to the King on his horse, for he could
not dismount, and he told unto the King the whole
of the affair. And the King rolled his eyes very
37
fiercely, and said that he would avenge himself of
such evil-doers in his realm. And he asked of him
who he was, and who was his father. And Fulk
recounted unto the King where he was born, and of
what people, and how that he was the son of Guarin
de Metz. " Fair son," said the King, " you are very
welcome to me, for you are of my blood, and I will
aid you." And the King caused his wounds to be
dressed. And he sent for Melette, his mother, and
for Hawyse, his wife, and the rest of their household,
and kept them with him, and caused Hawyse and
Melette to dwell in the chambers of the Queen.
And Hawyse was with child, and when her time was
come, she was delivered, and they caused the child to
be named Fulk. And he, in his day, was greatly
renowned, and of good right was this so, for peerless
was he in strength and goodness.
And when Fulk le Brun was healed of his wounds,
King Henry sent a letter to Sir Walter de Lacy, and
he commanded him, on pain of life and limb, that he
should deliver up to him his knight Joce de Dynan,
and his knights, whom wrongfully he kept in prison,
and if this he did not do, then would he come seek
them himself, and would do such justice that all
England should hear speak of it. And when Sir
38
Walter had heard the message, he was sore afraid,
and he delivered up Sir Joce and his knights, and
furnished them with raiment, and mounted them
honourably, and led them through the postern towards
the river of Teme, and beyond the ford of Teme, and
beyond Whitecliff, until they were come unto the
highway to Gloucester. And when Sir Joce was
come to Gloucester, the King received him right
gladly, and made promise to him of law and justice.
And Joce sojourned with the King so long as it pleased
him, and then he took leave of him, and went to
Lambourne, and dwelt there. And anon he died,
and was interred there. And may God have mercy
on his soul !
And King Henry called Fulk unto him, and made
him constable of all his host, and he gave into his
command all the forces of his land, that he should
take men enough, and go into the march, and drive
Jervard Droyndoun and his men out of the march.
Thus was Fulk made master over all, for he was strong
and courageous. And the King remained at Glou-
cester, for he ailed somewhat, and scarce could he
bestir himself. And Jervard had seized the whole
march from Chester unto Worcester, and he had
dispossessed all the barons of the march. And Sir
39
Fulk, with the host of the King, made many a fierce
assault on Jervard, and in a battle nigh unto Hereford,
at Wormeslow, he forced him to flee, and to abandon
the field. But ere that came to pass, many were
slain on both sides. And for four years fierce and
grievous war endured betwixt Sir Fulk and the Prince,
until, at the request of the King of France, there was
held at Shrewsbury a love-day between the King and
Jervard the Prince, and they embraced one another,
and were reconciled. And the Prince restored to
the barons of the march all the lands which he had
taken from them, and to the King he restored Elles-
mere, but for no gold would he render up White
Town and Maelor. " Fulk," said the King, " since
you have lost White Town and Maelor, I give unto
you, in place thereof, Alleston, and all the fief that
belongs to it, to hold for ever." And Fulk thanked
him with fervour. And to Lewis, the son of Jervard,
a child of seven years, King Henry gave the little
Joan, his daughter, and for marriage gift he gave
unto them Ellesmere, and many other lands, and
Lewis he took with him to London. And the
Prince Jervard, with his retinue, took leave of the
King, and went into Wales, and he gave White
Town and Maelor to Roger de Powis. And there-
40
after Roger gave Maelor to Jonas, his younger
brother.
Now have you heard how that Sir Joce de Dynan
and his daughters Sibylle, the elder, and Hawyse,
the younger, v/ere dispossessed of the castle and fiefs
of Dynan, which Sir Walter de Lacy held wrongfully.
But thereafter was the town of Dynan repaired and
restored, and it was called Ludlow. And also have
you heard how that Sir Fulk, the son of Guarin de
Metz, was dispossessed of White Town and Maelor.
And anon was Sibylle, the elder sister, wedded with
Payn, a very valiant knight, the son of John.
And so long time had Fulk and Hawyse dwelt with
the King, that they had five sons, Fulk, and William,
and Philip the Red, and John, and Alan. And the
King Henry had four sons, Henry, and Richard Cceur
de Lion, and John, and Geoffrey, who was afterwards
Count of Brittany. And Henry was crowned whilst
yet his father lived, but he died before his father. And
after the death of his father, Richard was crowned,
and after Richard, John, his brother, who all his life
was evil, and perverse, and envious. And young
Fulk was brought up with the four sons of King Henry,
and much beloved was he of them all save John, for oft
did he quarrel with John. And it chanced on a day
4*
that John and Fulk were alone in a chamber playing
at the chess. And John seized the chessboard, and
gave Fulk a heavy blow. And Fulk felt himself hurt,
and he raised his foot, and kicked John in the chest,
so that his head struck against the wall, and he became
all powerless, and fell down senseless. And Fulk was
sore afraid, but glad was he that no one was in the
chamber save themselves alone, and he rubbed the
ears of John, and he recovered from his faintness, and
went to the King, his father, and made sore plaint.
And the King said, " Silence, fellow, you are ever
quarrelling. If Fulk has done by you aught but what
is good, it must needs have been by your own desert."
And he called his master, and caused him to beat him
soundly and well, because of his plaint.
And John was sore an angered against Fulk, so that
never after could he bear good-will toward him.
And when King Henry, the father, was dead, then
reigned King Richard, and because of his loyalty,
dearly did he love Fulk le Brun Fitz-Warine, and he
called before him at Winchester the five sons of
Fulk le Brun, the little Fulk, and Philip the Red, and
William, and John, and Alan, and their cousin Baldwin
de Hodnet, and he equipped them very richly, and
dubbed them knights. And the young Sir Fulk and
42
his brothers, with their company, passed the sea, for
to seek praise and renown. And no tournament or
joust did he hear speak of, but he would be there. And
he was commended of all, and the people said for the
most part that he was peerless in strength and in
goodness and in courage, for such grace had he, that
he came to no combat where he was not held and
reputed for the best. And it came to pass that Fulk
le Brun, their father, died. And King Richard sent
his letters to Sir Fulk that he should come into England
to receive his lands, for that his father was dead.
And sorely grieved were Fulk and his brothers that
Fulk le Brun, their good father, was dead. And they
returned to London to King Richard, who was much
pleased with them, and gave over to them all the
lands of which Fulk le Brun died possessed. And the
King made him ready for the Holy Land, and he com-
mitted all the march into the keeping of Sir Fulk.
And much did the King love and cherish him for his
loyalty, and for the great renown which he had, and
Fulk was in favour with the King all the life long of
King Richard.
But after his death, John, the brother of King
Richard, was crowned King of England. Then he
sent to Sir Fulk that he should come to him to talk
43
and to treat of divers matters touching the march,
and he said that he would go visit the march. And
he went to the Castle Baldwin, the which is now called
Montgomery. And when Moris, the son of Roger
de Powis, the lord of White Town, knew that the
King was on his way to the march, he sent to the
King a fine and fair steed, and a gerfalcon all white.
And the King gave him much thanks for the gift.
Then came Moris to talk with the King, and the
King begged of him to remain, and to be of his council,
and he made him guardian of all the march. And
when Moris saw his time, he spake unto the King,
and prayed of him, if so it pleased him, that he would
confirm unto him by his charter the honour of White
Town, to him and to his heirs, as aforetime King
Henry, his father, had confirmed it unto Roger de
Powis, his father. And the King knew well that
Sir Fulk had rightful claim to White Town, and he
called to mind the blow which Fulk had erewhile
given him, and he thought that now would he be
avenged of him. And he consented that whatsoever
Moris should put in writing, that would he put his seal
unto. And for the doing of this Moris made promise
to him of an hundred pounds of silver.
And there was, hard by, a knight who had heard
44
all that the King and Moris had spoken, and he went
in haste to Sir Fulk, and told unto him that by his
charter the King would confirm to Sir Moris the
lands which of right were his. And Fulk and his four
brothers came before the King, and they besought of
him that they might have the common law, and the
lands to which they had claim and right as the heritage
of Fulk. And they prayed of the King that he would
receive from them an hundred pounds on condition that
he would grant unto them the decree of his court in
respect of gain and loss. And the King made answer
to them that what he had made grant of to Sir Moris,
that would he hold to, whosoever might be offended,
or who not. Then spake Sir Moris to Sir Fulk, and
said, " Sir Knight, very foolish are you to challenge
my lands. If that you say that you have right to
White Town, you lie, and if that we were not in the
presence of the King, this would I prove on your
body." And without more ado, Sir William, the
brother of Fulk, sprang forward, and with his fist
he struck Sir Moris between the eyes, so that he
became all bloody. And the knights came between
them, so that there was no more hurt done. Then
said Sir Fulk to the King, "Sir King, you are my liege
lord, and I am bound by fealty to you the whiles I
45
am in your service, and as long as I hold lands of
you, and you ought to maintain my rights, but you
fail me in my rights and the common law. Never
was he a good king who, in his courts, denied the
law unto his free tenants. Wherefore I relinquish
my homage to you." And with these words he
departed from the Court, and went to his hostel.
And forthwith did Fulk and his brothers arm them-
selves, and Baldwin de Hodnet likewise. And when
they were gone half a league from the city, there came
after them- fifteen knights, well mounted and armed,
the strongest and the most valiant of the household
of the King, and they made command for them to
turn back, and said that they had made promise to
the King of their heads. And Sir Fulk turned him and
said, " Good Sirs, very foolish were you when you
made promise to give that which you cannot have."
And then they contended together with lances and
with swords, so that forthwith four of the most
valiant of the knights of the King were slain, and all
the others were wounded to the point of death, save
one who perceived the peril, and took to flight.
And he came to the city, and the King asked of him
if Warine was taken. " No," said he, " nor nothing
hurt. He and all his comrades are departed, and we
46
were all slain, save me, who with sore difficulty am
escaped." Then said the King, " Where is Gerard
de France, and Piers d' Avignon, and Sir Amis the
Marquis ? " " Sire, they are slain." And ere long
there came ten knights, all afoot, for Sir Fulk had
taken their steeds. And some of the knights had
lost their noses, and some their chins, and all were
vanquished. Then did the King swear a great oath
that he would be avenged of them and of all their
lineage.
And Fulk came to Alberbury, and there he re-
counted to Dame Hawyse, his mother, how they had
fared at Winchester. And Fulk took great treasure
from his mother, and went, he and his brothers, to
his cousins in Brittany, and there they sojourned as
long as it pleased them. And King John laid hands
on all the lands that Fulk had in England, and did
great hurt to all his kinsmen.
And Fulk and his four brothers, and Audulf de
Bracy, his cousin, and Baldwin de Hodnet, his cousin,
took leave of their friends and their cousins in Brittany,
and came into England. And by day they reposed
them in woods and on moors, and by night they
roamed up and down and pillaged, for they dared
not await the King, as no force had they to with-
47
stand him. And ere long they came to Huggeford,
to Sir Walter de Huggeford, who had wedded Dame
Vileine, the daughter of Guarin de Metz, but her
right name was Emeline, and she was aunt to Sir Fulk.
And afterward Fulk went on his way to Alberbury.
And when he was come there, he was told of the
country folk that his mother was buried, for the which
Fulk made great lamentation, and most pitifully did
he pray for her soul.
And Sir Fulk and his fellows went that night into
a forest which is called Babbing, the which is nigh
unto White Town, to espy Moris Fitz-Roger. And
ere long there came a valet of the household of Moris,
and he perceived them, and turned back and re-
counted unto Moris that which he had seen. And
Moris armed himself very richly, and took his green
shield with two boars of beaten gold, a bordure argent
charged with fleurs-de-lys azure. And he had in his
company the nine sons of Guy de la Montaigne, and
the three sons of Aaron de Clairfontaine, so that there
were thirty well mounted, and five hundred men afoot.
And when Fulk saw Moris, he came forth in haste
from the forest. And between them there was begun
a hard contest, and there was Moris wounded through
the shoulder, and many knights and men afoot were
48
slain. And at last Moris fled towards his castle, and
Fulk pursued after him, and thought to strike him on
the helm as he fled, but the blow descended upon
the buttock of his steed. And at last came Morgan
Fitz-Aaron, and shot from the castle, and struck
Fulk through the leg with an arrow. And Fulk was
sore grieved that he could not avenge himself as he
would on Sir Moris, and he took no thought for the
wound in his leg. And Sir Moris made his plaint to
the King that Sir Fulk was come again into England,
and that he had wounded him through the shoulder.
And the King became marvellously incensed, and
he commanded that an hundred knights with their
company go through all England and seek and take
Fulk, and deliver him over unto the King alive or
dead. And they should have all their costs of the
King, and if they could take him, then would the
King give them lands and rich fees. And the knights
went through all England to seek Sir Fulk, but there
where they heard that Sir Fulk was, there would they
not go for any price, for they feared him beyond
measure, some for the love they bear him, and others
for fear of his strength and his noble knighthood,
lest hurt or death might happen to them because of
his strength and his boldness.
49 *
And Sir Fulk and his company came to the forest
of Bradene, and there they dwelt in secret, for they
dared not do so openly because of the King. Then
came from abroad ten burgher merchants, who had
bought with the money of the King of England very
costly cloths, and furs, and spices, and gloves for the
persons of the King and Queen of England. And
they carried them past the forest to the King, and
there followed thirty-four men-at-arms to guard the
treasure of the King. And when Fulk perceived the
merchants, he called to him his brother John, and
told him to go talk with these people, and inquire of
them of what country they were. And John struck
his steed with his spurs, and he came up with the
merchants, and demanded of them what folk they
were, and from what land. And a man, hasty of
speech, and proud, and fierce, sprang forward, and
asked of him what business he had to make inquiry
what folk they were. And John asked of them to come
in love to speak with his lord in the forest, and if they
would not, then should they come in spite of them-
selves. And then one of the fighting-men sprang for-
ward and dealt John a great blow with a sword. And
John struck him back on the head, so that he fell to
the ground senseless.
5Q
Then came Sir Fulk and his company, and fell upon
the merchants, and they defended themselves with
great vigour. And in the end they surrendered
themselves, for to this were they compelled by force.
And Fulk led them into the forest, and they told
unto him that they were the merchants of the King.
And when Fulk heard this, right glad was he, and he
said to them, "Sir Merchants, if you lose these goods,
on whom will the loss turn ? Tell me truly."
" Sire," said they, " if we lose them by our own
cowardice, or by our own bad keeping, then will the
loss turn on us, but if we lose them in other manner,
through peril of the sea, or through the violence of
man, then will the loss turn upon the King." " Speak
you truly ? " " Yes, Sire," made they answer. And
when Sir Fulk heard that the loss would be the King's,
he caused the rich cloth, and the rich fur, to be measured
by his lance, and he clothed all those who were with
him, both of high and low degree, with the rich cloth,
and gave unto each according to his rank. And every
one had ample measure. And of the rest of the goods
each took what he would.
And when even was come, and the merchants had
well eaten, he commended them to God, and prayed
of them to salute the King in the name of Fulk
51
Fitz-Warine, who much thanked him for these fine
clothes, and never would Fulk, nor any of his, of all
the time that they were outlawed, do harm to any
save to the King and to his knights. And when the
merchants and their fighting-men came wounded and
maimed before the King, and recounted unto the
King the message of Fulk, and how that Fulk had
taken his goods, nigh mad went he with rage. And
he caused it to be cried throughout the kingdom, that
whosoever would bring Fulk, alive or dead, to him
would he give one thousand pounds of silver, and he
would give to him,' beside, all the lands in England
which belonged to Fulk.
And Fulk went thence, and came into the weald of
Kent, and he left his knights in the thick of the forest,
and went all alone on horse along the highway. And
he met a fellow singing right merrily, and he had
decked his head with a chaplet of red roses. And
Fulk prayed of him that of love he would give him
the chaplet, and if he had need of it, anon would he
give it back to him. " Sire," said the fellow, " very
sparing of his goods is he who would not bestow a
chaplet of roses at the request of a knight." And he
gave the chaplet to Fulk, and he gave to him for
recompense twenty sols. And the fellow knew him
well, for often had he seen him. And the fellow
came to Canterbury, and there he met the hundred
knights who had sought Fulk through all England,
and he said to them, " Whence come you, my Lords ?
Have you found him whom you seek by order of our
lord the King, and for your advancement ? " " No,"
replied they. " What will you give unto me," said
he, " an I take you there where I have seen him, and
have heard him speak ? " And they gave and made
promise of so much to the fellow, that he told unto
them where he had seen him, and how that he had
bestowed upon him twenty sols for the chaplet which
he had given unto him for naught.
And the hundred knights caused all the country to
be summoned in haste, the knights, the esquires, and
the fighting-men, and they beset the forest all around,
and set beaters and stops, as though they were bent
on the chase, and they put old folk and others with
horns all over the meadows, to raise the cry upon Fulk
and his companions when they should come forth
from the forest.
And Fulk was in the forest, and knew naught of the
affair. And ere long he heard a knight sound a great
bugle, and he had suspicion, and he commanded his
brothers, William, and Philip, and John, and Alan,
53
to mount their steeds. And his brothers mounted
forthwith. And Audulf de Bracy, and Baldwin de
Hodnet, and John Malveysin, mounted likewise.
And soon were the three brothers of Cosham, Thomas,
and Pierce, and William, who were good crossbowmen,
and all the rest of Fulk's company, ready for the
attack.
And Fulk and his companions issued out of the
forest, and they saw, foremost of all the others, the
hundred knights who had sought them throughout
England. And they fell upon them, and they slew
Gilbert de Mountferrant, and Jordan de Colchester,
and many other knights of the company. And they
passed through the midst of the hundred knights,
and then they returned amongst them, and struck
them down with their swords. But at length there
came to their aid so many knights and esquires and
burgesses and fighting-men, and folk without number,
that Fulk perceived right well that he could not
endure the combat, so he returned to the forest, but
his brother John was wounded in the head through
his helm. But ere they turned back to the forest,
many brave knights and esquires and fighting-men
were cut to pieces. And Fulk and his companions
struck their steeds with their spurs, and fled. And on
54
all sides did the people raise the hue and cry upon
them, and pursue them everywhere with a hue and
cry. And at length they came to a path, and saw
but one raising the hue and cry with a horn. And one
of the company struck him through the body with an
arrow, and thereupon he gave up the hue and cry.
And Fulk and his companions quitted their horses,
and all afoot they fled to an abbey which was nigh.
And when the porter espied them, he ran to shut the
gates. But Alan was very tall, and forthwith he
climbed over the walls, and the porter began to flee.
" Stay," cried Alan. And he ran after him, and took
the keys from him, and with the staff on which hung
the keys, he struck him a blow which of necessity
stopped his flight. And Alan let in all his brothers.
And Fulk took the habit of an old monk, and forth-
with garbed himself in it, and he took a great crutch
in his hand, and went forth out of the gate, and caused
the gate to be shut after him, and he went on his way.
And then he went limping on one foot, and with his
body propped up on the great crutch. And anon
there came knights and fighting-men, with much
people. And then said a knight, " Old Sir Monk,
have you seen any armed knights pass by here ? "
" Yes, Sire. May God repay them the hurt they
55
have done me ! " " What have they done to you ? "
" Sire," said he, " I am old, and no longer can I aid
me, so feeble am I. And there came seven on horse-
back, and nigh fifteen afoot, and for that I could not
get me hastily out of their way, no care took they for
me, but they let their horses run against me, and little
did they reck of what they did." " Say no more,"
said he, " this very day shall you be venged." And the
knights, and all the rest, went forward in haste to
pursue Fulk, and soon were they the distance of a
league from the abbey. And Sir Fulk stood upright
to see more. And ere long there came Sir Girard
de Malfee and ten companions, knights well mounted,
for they were come from abroad. And they brought
with them horses of worth. And then said Girard
mockingly, " Here is a stout and strong monk, and he
has a belly large enough to hold two gallons." And
the brothers of Fulk were within the gate, and had
heard and seen all the doings of Fulk. And without
more ado, Fulk raised the great crutch, and struck
Sir Girard under the ear, so that he fell to the earth
quite stunned. And the brothers of Fulk, when they
saw this, sallied forth by the gate, and took the ten
knights, and Sir Girard, and all their harness, and
bound them fast in the lodge of the porter, and they
56
took all their harness, and their good steeds, and went
their way, and never did they stay them until they
were come to Huggeford. And there was John healed
of his wound.
And after that they had sojourned there awhile,
there came a messenger who longwhile had sought
Sir Fulk, and he saluted him on the part of Hubert,
the Archbishop of Canterbury, and prayed of him
that he would come in haste and speak with him.
And Fulk took his people, and came nigh unto Canter-
bury, in the forest where afore he had been. And
there he left all his company save his brother William.
And Fulk and William attired themselves as mer-
chants, and came to Canterbury to the Bishop Hubert.
And the Archbishop, Hubert le Botiler, said to them,
" Good sons, you are very welcome to me. Well
know you that Sir Theobald le Botiler, my brother,
has been called of God, and that he had wedded
Dame Maude de Caus, a lady very rich, and the fairest
in all England. And so much does King John desire
her because of her beauty, that scarce can she guard
herself from him. And she is within, and you shall
see her. And I pray of you, dear friend Fulk, and I
bid you on my benison, that you take her to wife." And
Fulk saw her, and well knew he that she was fair, and
57
good, and of good repute, and that she had in Ireland
strong castles, and cities, and lands, and rents, and
much homage. And with the assent of his brother
William, and by the counsel of the Archbishop
Hubert, he wedded Dame Maude de Caus. And
Fulk remained there two days, and then took his leave
of the bishop, and left his wife there, and he went
back to the wood to his companions, and he told unto
them of all that he had done. And they mocked
him, and made game of him, and called him " hus-
band," and they asked of him whither he would take
the fair lady, whether to castle or to wood, and they
made merry together. And everywhere they did
great hurt to the King, but to none other, save only
to those who were openly their enemies.
And there dwelt in the march of Scotland a knight
who was called Robert Fitz-Sampson, and he ofttimes
received Sir Fulk and his fellows, and lodged them in
great honour. And he was a man of great wealth.
And his wife was called Dame Anable, and she was a
very courteous lady. And at this time there was in
the country a knight who was called Piers de Bruvile.
And this Piers used to gather together all the wild
sons of the gentlefolk of the country, and other
ribalds, and he went up and down the country, and
58
slew and robbed loyal folk, merchants and others.
And this Piers, when he went with his company to
rob others, caused himself to be called Fulk Fitz-
Warine, by the which Fulk and his companions were
sorely blamed for that of which they were not guilty.
And Fulk, who, for fear of the King, could not remain
too long time in one place, came by night into the
march of Scotland, and he came very nigh unto the
court of Sir Robert Fitz- Sampson. And he saw a
great light within the court, and he heard talking
within, and his name to be oft mentioned, and he
made his companions to halt without. And Fulk
himself boldly entered the court, and then the hall,
and there he saw Piers de Bruvile and the other knights
seated at supper, and Robert Fitz-Sampson and his
good lady, and the household, were bound, and cast
on one side of the hall. And Sir Piers and his com-
panions were all masked, and all who served within
kneeled before Sir Piers, and called him their lord
Sir Fulk. And the lady, who lay bound near her
lord in the hall, said very pitifully, " Ha ! Sir Fulk, by
God's mercy, never did I do you hurt, and I have
always loved you to my power." And Sir Fulk stood
up, for he had heard all that she had said, and when he
heard the lady speak, who had done to him great
59
kindness, for naught in the world could he longer
contain himself. And, all alone, he stepped forward
with his sword drawn in his hand, and said, " Peace,
now ! I command of all you whom I see here that
no one stir a whit." And he swore a great oath that
if any one made so bold as to stir, him would he hew
into small pieces. And Piers and his companions felt
themselves to be foiled. " Now," said Fulk, " which
among you makes himself to be called Fulk ? " " Sire,"
said Piers, " I am a knight, and I am called Fulk."
" By God," said he, " arise quickly, Sir Fulk, and bind
well and fast all your companions, and if not, you first
shall lose your head." And Piers was much affrighted
with the menace, and he arose and unbound the lord,
and the lady, and the rest of the household, and bound
well and fast all his companions. And when all were
bound, Fulk made him to smite off the heads of all
whom he had bound. And when that he had smitten
off the heads of all his companions, Fulk said, " You
craven knight, who make yourself to be called Fulk,
in so doing, you lie. I am Fulk, and that you know
right well, and I will repay you in that you have
falsely accused me of robbery." And forthwith he
smote off his head, and when he had done this he
called his companions, and they supped there, and
60
were well pleased. And thus did Sir Fulk save Sir
Robert and all his treasure, so that naught was lost.
And ofttimes did the King do great hurt to Sir
Fulk. And Sir Fulk, though he was strong and brave,
was also prudent and crafty, for oft did the King and
his people pursue Sir Fulk by the footprints of his
horses, and Sir Fulk oft caused his horses to be shod,
and the shoes to be reversed, so that the King was
deceived and tricked in the pursuit. And many a
hard combat did Sir Fulk endure ere he won his
heritage.
And Sir Fulk took his leave of Sir Robert Fitz-
Sampson, and went his way to Alberbury, and he took
up his abode in a forest nigh unto the river. And Fulk
called John de Rampaigne. "John," said he, "enough
do you know of minstrelsy and of jugglery. Dare you
to go to White Town, and to play before Moris Fitz-
Roger, and to spy out his affairs?" "Yea," answered
John. And he crushed a herb and put it in his mouth,
and greatly did his face begin to enlarge and to swell,
and it became all discoloured, so that even his com-
panions scarce knew him. And John dressed himself
very poorly, and he took in his hand his sack with his
implements of jugglery, and a great staff, and he came
to White Town, and told unto the porter that he
61
was a juggler. And the porter led him before Sir
Moris Fitz-Roger, and Moris asked of him where he
was born. " Sire," said he, " in the march of Scot-
land." " And what news bring you ? " " Sire,
naught do I know save of Sir Fulk Fitz-Warine, who
has been slain in a robbery that he made at the house
of Sir Robert Fitz- Sampson." " Say you truly ? "
" Aye, certes," made he answer. " Thus say all the
country folk." " Minstrel," said he, " for your news
I will give you this cup of fine silver." And the
minstrel took the cup, and made much thanks to his
good lord. And John de Rampaigne was very ill-
favoured in face and in body, and by reason of this
the ribalds of the household mocked him, and treated
him roughly, and they pulled him by his hair and his
feet. And he raised his staff, and struck a ribald on
the head, so that his brains flew out in the midst of the
place. " Wretched scoundrel," said the lord, " what
have you done ? " " Sire," said he, " help it I could
not. God have mercy on me, I have a very grievous
malady, the which you can see by my face which is so
swollen. And at certain times does this malady take
entire hold of me, so that I have not the power
wherewith to control myself." And Moris swore
a great oath that if it were not for the news which
62
he had brought, forthwith would he have had his
head smitten off. And the minstrel hastened to
depart thence, for the time of his sojourn seemed long
unto him. And he returned to Fulk, and recounted
unto him word by word how he had proceeded, and
he told how that he had heard in the court that
Sir Moris, and his fifteen knights, and his household,
would go, on the morrow, to the castle of Shrewsbury,
for that he was keeper of all the march. And when
Fulk knew that, right glad was he, and his companions
also.
And Fulk arose early on the morrow, and armed
himself in all haste, and his companions likewise.
And Moris came towards Shrewsbury, and fifteen
knights with him, and the four sons of Guy Fitz-
Candelou de Porkington, and the rest of his household.
And when Fulk saw him, right glad was he, and he
was much an angered with him by cause that he kept
his heritage from him by force. And Moris looked
towards the pass of Nesse, and he saw a shield quarterly
gules, per fess indented argent, and by his arms he
knew that it was Fulk. " Now I know well," said
Moris, " that jugglers are liars, for there is Fulk
yonder."
And Moris and his knights were very brave, and
63
they attacked Fulk and his companions bravely, and
called them thieves, and said unto them that before
vespers their heads should be placed on the high
tower of Shrewsbury. And Fulk and his brothers
defended themselves with great vigour, and there Sir
Moris and his fifteen knights, and the four sons of
Guy Fitz-Candelou de Porkington, were slain, and
by so many the less had Fulk enemies.
And from there Fulk and his companions went on
their way towards Rhuddlan to have speech with
Sir Lewis, the Prince, who had wedded Joan, the
daughter of King Henry, and sister to King John, for
the Prince and Sir Fulk and his brothers were nur-
tured together at the Court of King Henry. And
greatly did the Prince rejoice at the coming of Sir
Fulk, and he asked of him what accord there was
betwixt the King and him. " None, Sire," said Fulk,
" for by naught can I be reconciled, and by reason of
this, Sire, I am come to you, and to my good lady, to
have your goodwill." "Certes," said the Prince, "my
goodwill do I grant and give unto you, and from me
shall you have good welcome. The King of England
knows not how to have good understanding with you,
or with me, or any other." And Fulk made answer,
" Much do I give you thanks, Sire, for much trust
64
have I in you and in your great loyalty. And since
ycu have granted to me your goodwill, one thing else
will I tell you. Of a truth, Sire, Moris Fitz-Roger is
dead, for I have slain him." And when the Prince
learned that Moris was dead, he was much an angered,
and he said that if he had not given unto him his
goodwill, him would he have had drawn and hanged,
for that Moris was his cousin. Then came the good
lady, and she made "the Prince and Sir Fulk to be
reconciled, so that they embraced each other, and all
anger was put aside.
And at this time there was great discord betwixt
the Prince Lewis and Gwenwynwyn, the son of Owen
Keveyloc. And to this Gwenwynwyn pertained great
part of the lands of Powis, and he was very proud and
haughty and fierce, and in naught would he submit
to the Prince, but made great havoc in his land. And
by force of arms the Prince had wholly destroyed
the castle of Metheyn, and had taken possession of
Mochnant, Lannerth, and other lands which belonged
to Gwenwynwyn. And the Prince committed to
Fulk the charge of all his lands, and he commanded
him that he should march against Gwenwynwyn and
lay waste all his lands. And Fulk was prudent and
heedful, and he knew well that the Prince was in the
65
wrong. " For the sake of God, Sire, grant me
pardon," said he, " but if you do that which you
have devised, much will you be blamed of all in
foreign lands. And, Sire, if so it pleases you, be not
an angered if that I tell you that all say that you have
wronged him. And therefore, Sire, for the sake of
God, pardon him, and then will he return to you at
your pleasure, and serve you with goodwill. And you
know not when you may have need of your barons."
And so much did Fulk discourse with the Prince, and
plead with him, that the Prince and Gwenwynwyn were
reconciled, and the Prince restored to him all the lands
which before he had taken from him.
And King John was at Winchester. And at length
the news came to him that Fulk had slain Moris Fitz-
Roger, and that he was dwelling with Lewis, the
Prince, who had wedded Joan, his sister. And he
became very pensive, and for longwhile he uttered
never a word. Then he said, " Ah, holy Mary ! I am
the King, and rule over England, and I am Duke of
Anjou and of Normandy, and all Ireland is within my
seigniory, and, for all that I may give, no one can I
find in all my kingdom who will avenge me of the hurt
and the shame that Fulk has done unto me. But I
will not fail to be avenged of the Prince." And he
66
caused to be summoned to Shrewsbury all his earls
and his barons and his other knights, that on a certain
day they should be at Shrewsbury with all their
followers. And when they were come to Shrewsbury,
Lewis was warned of his friends that King John
would stir up much strife against him, and he called
Fulk, and showed unto him all the matter. And Fulk
caused to assemble at the Castle Balaham, in Pentlyn,
thirty thousand good men, and Gwenwynwyn, the
son of Owen, came with his men, who were strong and
bold. And Fulk was well skilled in war, and he knew
well all the paths by the which King John must needs
pass. And the way was very narrow, and it was
bounded by woods and by marsh. And he could not
pass save by the highway. And the way is called the
Ford of Gymele. And Fulk and Gwenwynwyn and
their men came to the pass, and they caused a deep
md broad ditch to be digged across the highway; and
hey made the ditch to be filled with water, so that,
Because of the ditch and the marsh, none could pass
»y. And beyond the ditch they set up a pale very
veil fortified, and the ditch may still be seen.
And then came King John with all his host to the
ord, and he thought to pass in safety. And on the
>ther side they espied more than ten thousand armed
67
knights who guarded the passage. And Fulk and his
comrades had passed the ford by a privy path the
which they had made, and they were on that side
where was the King, and Gwenwynwyn and many
other knights with them. And the King pointed out
Fulk, and the knights of the King assailed Fulk on all
sides, but much to their hurt was it that they could
not come at him save in front by the causey. And
Fulk and his comrades defended them like lions, and
ofttimes were they unhorsed, and ofttimes re-
mounted. And many of the knights of the King were
slain, and Gwenwynwyn was sorely wounded in the
head through his helm. And when Fulk saw that
no longer could he and his men hold their ground
without the ditch, then they returned by the privy
path, and defended the pale and the ditch, and they
let fly and cast quarrels and other darts upon the
King's men, and they slew many, and wounded people
without number. And this fierce and hard fight endured
till even. And when the King saw so many of his
men slain and wounded, so much was he grieved, that
he knew not what to do. And then he went back to
Shrewsbury.
And King John was a man without conscience. He
w^s wicked and perverse and wanton, and was hated of
68
all good folk. And if he could hear of any fair lady
or damsel, wife or daughter of earl or of baron, or
of any other, he desired her for his pleasure, deceiving
her by promises or by gifts, or else carrying her off by
force. And for that he was most hated, and by reason
of this many of the great lords of England had re-
nounced their homage to the King, and because of
this the King was the less feared.
And John Lestrange, lord of Knokyn and of Ruton,
held always with the King, and did hurt to the
Prince's men. And for this the Prince caused the
castle of Ruton to be demolished, and he took and
imprisoned his men, at the which John was sore vexed.
And the Prince came to the Castle Balaham, and
called Fulk, and gave and restored unto him all
White Town, his heritage, and Estrat and Dinorben.
And Fulk thanked him greatly, and he took those he
would, and went to White Town, and he caused the
castle to be fortified, and everywhere repaired.
And John Lestrange went to the King, and told
unto him how that Fulk had caused him great loss of
his men, and had destroyed his castle of Ruton, and
he besought of the King (for he was in favour with
him) that he would aid him with his forces, and would
avenge him right well of Sir Fulk and his men. And
69
the King called Sir Henry de Audley, who was lord
of Red Castle and of its fiefs, and was the first to come
by it, and he commanded him to take ten thousand
knights of the most valiant in England, and that in all
things he and his knights should be obedient unto
Sir John Lestrange. And Sir Henry and Sir John
and their knights set out for White Town, and they
slew by the way all they found, men and women, and
they pillaged the country. And everywhere there
was lamentation. And Fulk was at White Town,
and there he entertained a fair company, for that he
was but now entered into possession of his lands.
And there were there from Wales seven hundred
knights and many fighting-men. And when the news
came to Fulk that Sir John and Sir Henry were
coming nigh unto those parts, forthwith they armed
themselves, and went privily to the pass of Mudle.
And when Sir John saw Sir Fulk, he spurred his steed,
and he struck Sir Fulk with his lance, and it flew into
small pieces. And Fulk struck Sir John back in the
middle of his face, through his helm, and the cut was
to be seen all his life, and Sir John fell all flat on the
earth. And Sir John was very valiant, and he sprang
up quickly on to his feet, and he cried out in a loud
voice, " Now, Sir Knights, all at Fulk ! " And Fulk
70
made answer fiercely, " Certes," said he, " and Fulk
at all ! " Then the knights on both sides hurtled
together. And many did Fulk and Sir Thomas Corbet
and his other comrades slay. And Alan Fitz-Warine,
and Philip his brother, were wounded. And when
Fulk saw his brothers wounded, he was nigh mad with
rage. And Fulk put himself in the thick of the fight,
and whomsoever he reached could have no delivery
from death. And that day Sir Fulk had but seven
hundred knights, and the others were ten thousand
and more. And because of this, Fulk could not
prevail in the battle, so he retreated to White Town.
And Sir Audulf de Bracy was unhorsed in the thick of
the fight, and he defended himself very bravely, but
ere long he was taken, and was led to Shrewsbury.
And much did Sir Henry and Sir John rejoice at the
capture, and they came to Shrewsbury into the
presence of the King, and they gave up Sir Audulf to
the King, who spake to him very fiercely, and he swore
a great oath that he would have him drawn and hanged
by cause that he was a traitor and a robber, and had
slain his knights, and burnt his cities, and destroyed
his castles. And boldly did Audulf make answer unto
him, and said that never was he a traitor, nor any of
his lineage. And Fulk was at White Town, and he
71
caused his brothers and his other men to be washed,
and their wounds to be dressed. And then he be-
thought him of Sir Audulf, and caused him to be
sought for everywhere, and when that he could not be
found, he thought never to see him more, and he
made such great dole, that none could do more.
And then John de Rampaigne came, and saw Fulk
making such dole. " Sire," said he, " forbear this
mourning, and, if it please God, before prime on the
morrow you shall have good news of Sir Audulf de
Bracy, for I myself will go speak with the King."
And John de Rampaigne knew well the tabor, the
harp, the viol, the citole, and jugglery, and he attired
himself very richly, like unto some earl or baron.
And he caused his hair and all his body to be dyed as
black as jet, so that naught was white save his teeth.
And he hung around his neck a very fair tabor, and
then he mounted on to a fair palfrey, and rode through
the town of Shrewsbury unto the gate of the castle,
and of many an one was he observed. And John
came before the King, and kneeled down, and he
saluted the King much courteously. And the King
returned his salutations, and asked of him whence he
came. " Sire," said he, " I am an Ethiopian minstrel,
born in Ethiopia." And the King said, " Are all the
f*
folk in your land of the like colour ? " " Aye, my
Lord, both men and women." " And what say they
of me in foreign lands ? " " Sire," said he, " you are
the most renowned King in all Christendom, and
because of your great renown am I come to see you."
" Fair Sir," said the King, " you are welcome."
" Sire, my Lord, great thanks." And John said that
more renowned was he for evil than for good, but the
King heard him not.
And that day John made much minstrelsy with
tabor and with other instruments. And when that
the King was gone to bed, Sir Henry de Audley sent
for the black minstrel, and led him into his chamber.
And they made much melody. And when that Sir
Henry had well drunk, he said to a valet, " Go fetch
Sir Audulf de Bracy, whom the King purports to put
to death on the morrow, for one good night shall he
have before he dies." And anon the valet brought
Sir Audulf into the chamber. Then they talked, and
they played, and John commenced a song which Sir
Audulf aforetime had sung, and Sir Audulf raised
his head, and looked him in the face, and with great
difficulty he recognized him. And Sir Henry called
for drink. And John was very serviceable, and sprang
up quickly, and served the cup before them all. And
73
John was cunning, and he let fall a powder into the
cup, the which was perceived of none, for he was a
good juggler. And so sleepy did all who drank
become, that in short while they laid them down to
sleep. And when all were asleep, John took a fool
whom the King had, and he placed him betwixt the
two knights who should have guarded Sir Audulf.
And John and Sir Audulf took the towels and the
sheets that were in the chamber, and they escaped by
a window towards Severn, and went to White Town,
the which was twelve leagues from Shrewsbury.
But not longwhile could the matter be hid, where-
fore on the morrow the whole truth was told unto
the King, who was much an angered at the escape.
And Fulk arose early in the morning, for little had he
slept that night. And he looked toward Shrewsbury,
and he saw Sir Audulf and John coming. And it
needs not to ask if he was glad when he saw them.
And he ran to them, to embrace and to kiss them.
And he asked of them the news. And Sir Audulf
recounted unto him how that John had acted, and
how they had escaped. And then Fulk, who tofore
was sad, had delight and great joy.
Now let us leave Fulk, and speak of Dame Maude
de Caus.
74
When the King, who had so much desired her,
knew of a truth that she was wedded to Sir Fulk, his
enemy, by the counsel of the Archbishop Hubert, he
did great wrong to the archbishop and to the lady,
for he thought to carry her off by force. And she
fled to the minster, and there was she delivered of a
daughter, and the archbishop baptized her Hawyse,
and after, she was the Lady of Wem.
And Fulk and his companions came of a night to
Canterbury, and from there they took the lady to
Huggeford, and there she remained some time. And
afterward it came to pass that the lady was with child,
and she was dwelling privily at Alberbury. And the
King caused her to be espied upon, and she went
secretly thence to Shrewsbury, and there she was
espied upon, and so great was she with child, that she
could not journey thence. And she fled to the
church of Our Lady at Shrewsbury, and there she was
delivered of a daughter, who was baptized Joan, and
after wedded Sir Henry de Pembridge. And after-
ward Maude had a son who was born on a mountain
in Wales, and was baptized John in a brook that
comes from the maiden's well. And the lady and
the child were very weak, for the child was born two
months before its term. And when the child was
75
confirmed of the bishop, he was called Fulk. And
the lady and the child, who were weak, were carried
from the mountain to a grange, the which was that
of Carreganant.
And when the King could in nowise avenge himself
of Fulk, nor put the lady to shame nor seize her, then
he sent a letter to Prince Lewis, who had wedded
Joan, his sister, and prayed of him that of his love he
would banish from his household his mortal enemy
and a felon, (the which was Fulk,) and he would
restore unto him all the lands which ever his ancestors
had taken from his seigniory, on condition that he
should possess him of the body of Fulk. And the
Prince called into his chamber his wife Joan, and he
shewed unto her the letter which the King, her brother,
had sent unto him. And when the lady had heard
the letter, she privily sent to Sir Fulk all the tenor
of it, and that the King desired to come to terms with
her lord.
And when that Fulk heard the news, he was sore
grieved, and he had fear of treason, and privily he sent
Dame Maude with Baldwin de Hodnet to the Bishop
of Canterbury, and he appointed for Baldwin to come
to him at Dover. And Fulk, and his four brothers,
and Audulf, and John de Rampaigne, armed them-
76
selves in haste, and with their other men they came
unto the castle of Balaham, before the Prince. "Sire,"
said Fulk, "loyally have I served you to my power, but
now, Sire, one knows not in whom to put trust, for,
because of the great promise of the King, you would
desert me. And the King has sent unto you a letter,
the which, Sire, you have hidden from me. There-
fore, Sire, I fear me the more." " Fulk," said the
Prince, "remain with me, for, truly, I have not thought
to be treacherous unto you." " Certes, Sire," said
Fulk, " I believe it right well, but, Sire, in nowise
will I remain." And he took his leave of the Prince,
and of all his companions. And he journeyed thence
by night and by day until that he was come to Dover,
and there he met Baldwin, who had escorted the
lady to the archbishop. And they put out to sea,
and came to Whitsand.
And when that Fulk and his brothers and his other
comrades were come to Paris, they saw King Philip
of France, who was come into the meadows for to see
his knights joust. And as yet Fulk spake not, and
his comrades likewise. But when they saw so fair an
assemblage, then they remained to see the jousts.
And when the French saw the English knights, much
the more did they labour to do well. Then Sir Druz
77
de Montbener, a very proud Frenchman, sent to
Sir Fulk, and he prayed of him to joust with him, and
forthwith Fulk granted unto him his request. And
Fulk and his brothers armed them, and they mounted
on to their good steeds. And John de Rampaigne
was very richly attired, and well mounted, and he had
a very fine tabor, and he struck the tabor as he entered
the lists, and the hills and the valleys rang again, and
the horses became lively. And when the King saw
Fulk armed, he said to Sir Druz de Montbener,
" Have good care, for very clear is it that this English
knight is very skilful and valiant." " Sire," said he,
" no knight is there in all the world that I dare not
encounter hand to hand, on horseback or afoot."
" God be with you," said the King. And Fulk and
Sir Druz spurred their steeds, and encountered one
another. And Fulk struck him with his lance through
the middle of his shield, and pierced his good hauberk,
and through the middle of his shoulder, and the lance
flew in pieces. And Sir Druz fell all flat on the ground.
And Fulk took the horse of Sir Druz, and he led it
away, and sent it as a gift to Sir Druz, for no wish had
Sir Fulk to keep the horse.
And after that, there came a French knight who
would avenge Sir Druz, and he struck Fulk with his
lance in the middle of his shield, and his lance brake
And Fulk struck him back on the middle of his helm,
and his lance was all splintered. And the knight was
unhorsed, whether he would or not. And the brothers
of Fulk and his companions were ready to joust, but
the King would not suffer them. And the King hasted
to Fulk, and said to him, " God bless you, English
knight, for right well have you done." And he
prayed of him that he would sojourn with him. And
Fulk gave the King much thanks, and granted unto
him that it should be as he desired. And that day
was Fulk observed of many, and was praised and
commended in all things. And such grace had Fulk,
that he never came to any place where was courage, or
knighthood, or prowess, or goodness, that he was not
held for the best, and without peer.
And Fulk sojourned with King Philip of France,
and he was loved and honoured of the King and the
Queen, and of all good folk. And the King asked of
him his name. And Fulk said that he was called
Amis du Bois. " Sir Amis," said the King, " know
you Fulk Fitz-Warine, of whom everywhere much
good is spoken ? " " Aye, Sire," said he, " oft have
I seen him." " Of what stature is he ? " " In my
estimation, Sire, of like stature with myself." And
79
the King said, " This may well be, for you are both
valiant." And no tournament or joust in all France
could Fulk hear of, but he would be there, and every-
where he was esteemed and loved and honoured
because of his prowess and his generosity.
And when that the King of England knew that
Sir Fulk was dwelling with King Philip of France, he
sent unto the King, and prayed of him, if so it pleased
him, that he would banish from his household, and
from his retinue, Fulk Fitz-Warine, his mortal enemy.
And when the King of France had heard the letter,
he declared by St. Denis that no such knight was in
his retinue, and such answer sent he to the King of
England. And when Fulk had heard this news, he
went to the King of France, and craved leave to
depart. And the King said, " Tell me if there is
aught wanting unto you, and ample amends will
have made of that for the which you would leave me/
" Sire," said he, " such tidings have I heard as com]
me to depart." And from this did the King under-
stand that he was Fulk. And the King saic
" Sir Amis du Bois, I trow that you are Fulk Fitz-
Warine." " Of a truth, my Lord, that am I." Am
the King said, " You shall remain with me, and richer
lands will I give unto you than ever you had ii
80
England." " Certes, Sire," said he, " unworthy is
he to receive lands as the gift of another, who is unable
to hold as of right those which are his by lawful
heritage."
And Fulk took his leave of the King, and came to
the sea, and he saw the ships afloat on the sea, and
there was no wind towards England, but the weather
was fair enough. And Fulk saw a mariner who
seemed hardy and daring, and he called unto him,
and said, " Fair Sir, is this ship yours ? " " Aye,
Sire," said he. " What is your name ? " " Sire,"
said he, " Mador of the Mount of Russia, where I
was born." " Mador," said Fulk, " know you well
this business, and how to carry folk by sea to divers
regions ? " " Certes, Sire, no land of renown is
there in all Christendom whither I know not how to
conduct a ship well and safely." " Forsooth," said
Fulk, " yours is a very perilous calling. Tell me,
Mador, fair sweet brother, by what death did your
father die ? " And Mador made answer unto him
that he was drowned in the sea. " And your grand-
father ? " " He likewise." " And your great-grand-
father ? " " In the same manner, and all my kinsfolk
that I know of, to the fourth degree." " Of a truth,"
said Fulk, " very foolhardy are you that you dare go
81 c
to sea." " Wherefore, Sire ? " said he. " Every one
will die the death that is destined for him." " Sire,"
said Mador, " if so it pleases you, answer my question.
Where did your father die ? " " Certes, in his bed."
" And where your grandfather ? " " He likewise."
" And your great-grandfather ? " " Certes, all of
my lineage that I know of, died in their beds." " Of
a truth, Sire," said Mador, " since all your lineage died
in bed, greatly do I marvel that you dare enter any
bed." And then Fulk perceived that the mariner
had said truly unto him that every one shall die the
death that is destined for him, and he knows not the
which, whether on land or at sea.
And Fulk spake to Mador, who knew the handling
of ships, and prayed him that for love, and for reward,
he would design and fit out a ship, and he would
defray the charges. And to this did Mador agree.
And the ship was built in a forest hard by the sea,
according unto the design of Mador in all things, and
so good and plenteous were all the ropes and the other
fittings that appertained to it, that it was a marvel,
and it was beyond measure well victualled.
And Fulk and his brothers and his men put out to
sea, and they drew nigh unto England. And anon
Mador saw a ship well armed coming towards them.
And when the ships approached unto each other, a
knight spake unto Mador and said, " Master mariner,
to whom belongs this ship the which you govern, for
none such is used to pass here ? " " Sire," said
Mador, " it is mine." " By my faith," said the
knight, " it is not. You are robbers, and well do I
know it by the quarterings on the sail, which are the
arms of Fulk Fitz-Warine, and he is in the ship, and
this day will I deliver up his body to King John."
" By my faith," said Fulk, " that will you not, but
if you desire aught of us, willingly shall you have it."
" I will have you all," said he, " and all you have, in
despite of you." " By my faith," said Fulk, " you
lie." And Mador, who was a good and bold mariner,
let his ship sail, and he ran right through the middle
of the other ship, so that the sea entered into it.
And thus did the ship perish, but first many a hard
blow was given. And when the ship was vanquished,
Fulk and his comrades took much riches and victuals,
and they carried them to their ship. And ere long
the other ship perished and sank.
And all that whole year Fulk remained coasting
England, and to none would he do hurt save to King
John, but ofttimes did he take his goods, and what-
soever he could of his. And Fulk set sail towards
Scotland, and ere long there came from the west a
wind which drave them three days from Scotland.
And at last they saw an island the which was very
pleasant and fair as far as they could judge, and they
sailed towards it, and found a good port. And Fulk
and his four brothers, and Audulf, and Baldwin, went
ashore to survey the country, and to victual their ship.
And ere long they saw a lad minding sheep, and when
he saw the knights, he came towards them, and
saluted them in a corrupt Latin. And Fulk asked of
him if he knew of any meat to sell in the country.
" Certes, Sire," said he, " no, for this is an island the
which is inhabited by none save a few, and these
people live on their beasts. But if an it please you to
come with me, willingly shall you have such meat as I
have." And Fulk thanked him, and went with him,
and theyouth led them into a cavern beneath the earth,
the which was very fair, and he made them to be
seated, and received them very kindly. " Sire," said
the lad, " I have a serving-man in the mountain.
Be not disquieted if that I sound the horn for him,
and soon shall we eat." " In God's name," said Fulk.
And the lad went without the cavern, and sounded
six blasts, and then he returned to the cavern.
And anon there came six great and tall and fierce
84
villains, clad in coarse and ill-favoured tabards, and
each had in his hand a great staff, hard and strong.
And when Fulk saw them, he had suspicion of evil
design. And the six villains entered a chamber, and
they put off their tabards, and dressed them in a
green stuff, and shoes broidered with gold, and in all
things they were as richly attired as any king could be.
And they came back to the hall, and saluted Sir Fulk
and his companions, and they asked of them to play
the chess with them, and there was brought to them
a very rich chessboard, with chessmen in fine gold and
silver. And Sir William played a game, but soon did
he lose it. And Sir John played another, and quickly
was it lost. And Philip, and Alan, and Baldwin, and
Audulf, one after the other, played a game, and each
one lost his. Then said one of the fiercest of the
shepherds to Fulk, " Will you play ? " " No," said
he. " By my faith," said the shepherd, " you shall
play or wrestle in spite of yourself." " By my faith,
wretched villain of a shepherd," said Fulk, " in that
do you lie, but if so it be that I must wrestle or play
in spite of myself, I will play with you after the manner
that I have learnt." And he sprang up, and drew his
sword, and struck him so that his head flew into the
midst of the place, and then another, and then a third,
85
until that Fulk and his comrades had slain all the vile
scoundrels.
And Fulk entered into a chamber, and there he
found an old woman seated. And in her hand she
had a horn, and oft did she put it to her mouth, but
in nowise could she sound it. And when she saw
Fulk, she cried him mercy ; and he asked of her what
use the horn would be if that she could sound it.
And the old woman said to him that if the horn was
sounded, succour would come to her in plenty.
And Fulk took the horn, and entered into another
chamber, and there he saw seven damsels who were
fair beyond measure. And they were garmented
very richly, and did very rich work. And when they
saw Fulk, they fell on their knees, and prayed him
mercy. And Fulk asked of them who they were.
And one of them said to him, " Sire, I am the daughter
of Aunflorreis of Orkney, and whilst that my lord was
dwelling in his castle in Orkney, the which is called
Castle Bagot, and is on the sea, beside a very fair
forest, it chanced that I and these damsels, and four
knights and others, entered a boat on the sea, and
went to disport ourselves. And ere long there came
upon us in a ship, with their company, the seven
sons of the old woman within, and they slew all our
86
men, and brought us hither, and, against our wills,
as God knows, they have dishonoured our bodies,
wherefore we pray of you, in the name of God in
whom you believe, that you aid us in this captivity, if
so it be that you can escape hence, for well do I see, by
your look, that you are not dwellers in this country."
And Fulk comforted the damsels, and said that he
would aid them to his power. And Fulk and his
companions found much riches and victuals and
armour. And there Fulk found the haubergeon the
which he held of so great worth, and which he much
prized, and was wont to use hidden, and which, in
all his life, he would neither sell, nor give away in
exchange for aught.
And Fulk furnished his ship plenteously, and he
took the damsels to his ship, and set them at their
ease all he could. And then he commanded all his
men that they should arm themselves in haste. And
when all were armed according to their fancy, then
Fulk raised the hue and cry with the little horn the
which he had taken from the old woman, and there
came running over the fields more than two hundred
of the thieves of the country. And Fulk and his
company set upon them, and they defended themselves
with vigour. And there were slain of the robbers
8?
and thieves more than two hundred, and none were
there in all that island save only robbers and thieves,
who were wont to slay all they could come at, or take
at sea.
And Fulk asked of Mador if he knew how to bring
him by sea to the realm the which is called Orkney.
" Yea, forsooth," said he. " It is but an isle, and
the Castle Bagot is very nigh unto the port." And
Fulk said, " At this castle would I be." " Sire, this
day shall you be there." And when that Fulk was
arrived, then he asked of the damsels if they had
knowledge of the country. " Certes, Sire," said one.
" It is the realm of Aunflorreis, my father." And
Fulk came to the castle, and he restored unto the
King his daughter and the damsels. And he received
them with great honour, and gave rich gifts unto Fulk.
And so far had Fulk sailed for to see marvels and
adventures, that he had environed the seven isles of
the ocean, Brittany, and Ireland, and Gothland, and
Norway, and Denmark, and Orkney, and Scandinavia.
And in Scandinavia there dwells no man, but only
serpents and other foul beasts. And there Fulk saw
horned serpents, and the horns were very pointed.
And they had four feet, and flew like unto birds.
And such an one assailed Fulk, and struck him with
88
his horn, and pierced his shield through the middle.
And Fulk marvelled much at the blow, and he per-
ceived very well that when the serpent struck him
through the shield, it could not quickly withdraw its
horn. And Fulk stabbed it through the heart with
his sword. Then Fulk saw a venomous beast which
had the head of a mastiff, a thick beard like unto
a goat, and ears like unto a hare, and many other
beasts which St. Patrick had driven out of Ireland,
and, by the power of God, had confined here, for
the good man, St. Patrick, was in favour with him.
And now does no venomous beast inhabit the land
of Ireland, save only lizards without tails.
And Fulk sailed towards the north over the ocean,
beyond Orkney, and he found such cold and ice, that
none could endure the cold, and because of the ice,
the ship could not go forward in the sea. And Fulk
turned him back towards England. And ere long
there arose a very fearful tempest, by the which all
thought to perish, and they devoutly cried to God
and to St. Clement to be delivered from the storm.
And this tempest endured fifteen days. And then they
saw land, but they knew not what land it was. And
Fulk went ashore, and saw a very fair castle. And he
entered into the castle, for the gate was ajar, and no
89
living man or beast did he find within, or any in all
the country. And much did he marvel that none
should dwell in so fair a place. And he returned to
his ship, and told of it to his company. " Sire," said
Mador, " let us leave the ship here, and let us all go
ashore, save those who shall guard our victuals, and
perchance we shall soon hear from some one the state
of this country." And when they were come to
shore, they met a peasant. And Mador asked of him
what land it was, and how it was called, and wherefore
it was not inhabited. And the peasant said, " This
is the kingdom of Iberia, and the country is called
Carthage. And this castle belongs to the Duke of
Carthage, who holds it of the King of Iberia. And
this duke had a daughter, the fairest maiden who was
known in the kingdom of Iberia. And this damsel
ascended one day the chief tower of the castle. And
there came a flying dragon, and he took the damsel,
and carried her to a high mountain in the sea, and
there he ate her. And this dragon has slain and
destroyed all in this land, so that no one dares dwell
in the country, nor does the duke dare enter the
castle, so horrible is the dragon."
t And Fulk returned to his galley, and he sailed on
his way. Then they saw a great mountain in the sea.
9°
" Sire," said Mador, " this is the mountain where
dwells the dragon. Now are we all in great peril ! "
" Hold your peace," said Fulk. " As yet you see
naught but what is fair. Would you die of fear,
Master Mador ? Many dragons have we seen, and
well has God delivered us from peril. Never yet
have we been in peril, but that, by the mercy of God,
we have well escaped. Your cold comfort would put
a coward to death."
And Fulk took Audulf de Bracy, and step by step
he ascended the mountain, the which was very high.
And when they were come to the summit of the
mountain, they saw lying there many good hauberks,
and helms, and swords, and other arms, but, besides
the arms, naught did they see save the bones of men.
And they saw a large and fair tree, and a spring
beneath it, running with water fair and clear. And
Fulk looked around him, and saw a hollow rock.
And he raised his right arm, and crossed him in the
name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy
Ghost, and he drew his sword, and entered with much
boldness, as one who put his whole trust in God.
And he saw a very fair damsel weeping and making
great dole. And Fulk asked of her whence she was.
" Sire," said she, " I am daughter to the Duke of
91
Carthage, and I have been here seven years. And
never have I seen a Christian here who came not
against his will, and, for God's sake, go away hence if
you are able, for if the dragon come from within,
never will you escape." " Certes," said Fulk, " never
will I go until I have heard and seen more." " Dam-
sel," said Fulk, " what does the dragon with you ?
Does he no harm to you ? " " Sire," said she, " the
dragon is fierce and strong, and he would carry an
armed knight to these mountains if he but got him in
his claws, and many an one has he brought hither and
devoured, whose bones you may see outside, and
human flesh does he love more than any other. And
when his hideous face and beard are covered with
blood, then he comes to me, and makes me to wash
his face, and his beard, and his breast, with clear
water. And when he would sleep, he goes to his
couch, which is all of fine gold, for such is his nature,
that beyond measure is he very hot, and gold is by
nature very cold, and, to cool himself, he lies on gold.
And when he goes to his couch, he takes a great stone,
such as you may see there, and he puts it before the
door, for fear of me, lest I should slay him as he sleeps,
for he has the sense of man, and greatly does he fear
me. But well I know that in the end he will slay me."
92
" By God," said Fulk, " if so it please God, that shall
he not."
And Fulk took the damsel, and gave her into the
keeping of Sir Audulf, and they came forth from the
rock. And scarce were they come forth, when they
saw the dragon flying in the air towards them. And
from its mouth, which was glowing, it cast forth
smoke and flames most horrible. And it was a very
foul beast, and it had a great head, and square teeth,
and sharp claws, and a long tail. And when that the
dragon saw Fulk, forthwith it struck at him, and in its
flight it struck him on his shield, which it rent in
twain. And Fulk raised his sword, and struck the
dragon on the head as hard as he was able. And the
blow hurt it not at all, nor did it in anywise flinch
under it, so strong were its scales and its horns in
front. And the dragon took its flight from afar for
to strike hard. And Fulk, who could not withstand
the blow, dodged behind the tree which was beyond
the spring. And Fulk perceived that he could not
hurt the dragon in front, so that he watched for the
dragon's return, and he struck it with vigour in the
body on the tail, and cut it in twain. And the dragon
began to cry out, and to roar, and it sprang towards
the damsel, for it would take her and carry her else-
93
where. And Sir Audulf defended her. And so
tightly did the dragon seize Sir Audulf in its claws,
that if Fulk had not come in great haste, it would have
crushed him. Then came Fulk, and he cut off its
claw, and with great difficulty did he deliver Sir
Audulf, for firmly had it fixed him with its claw
through his hauberk. And Fulk struck the dragon
in the mouth with his sword, and in such manner he
slew it.
And Fulk was very weary, and he reposed him
awhile, and then he went to the bed of the dragon,
and he took the gold which he found there, and carried
it to his galley. And John de Rampaigne examined
the wound of Sir Audulf, and dressed it, for he knew
much of medicines. And Mador turned his ship
towards Carthage, and they arrived in the land, and
restored his daughter to the duke, who was very
joyful when he saw her. And the damsel related unto
her lord the life she had led, and how that Fulk had
slain the dragon. And the duke fell down at the
feet of Fulk, and thanked him for his daughter, and
he prayed of him, if it pleased him, that he would
dwell in the country, and he would give him all
Carthage, and his daughter in marriage. And heartily
did Fulk give him thanks for his generous offer, and
94
he said that willingly would he have taken his daughter
if that his Christianity had suffered it, but already was
he wed. And this said, Fulk sojourned there until
that Audulf was healed of his wound, and then he
took leave of the duke, who was much grieved at his
departure. And the duke gave them many a good
and fair jewel, and very fine and swift steeds, and to
each one he gave rich gifts.
And Fulk and his comrades set sail towards England.
And when they were come to Dover, they went ashore,
and they left Mador and the ship in a certain place
where they could find him when they would. And
Fulk and his comrades had learned from the peasants
that King John was at Windsor, and they set out
privily on their way towards Windsor. And by day
they slept and rested them, and by night they wan-
dered on until they were come to the forest, and
there they lodged them in a certain place, in the
forest of Windsor, where they used aforetime to be,
for Fulk knew all parts there. Then they heard
huntsmen, and the men with the hounds to blow the
horn, and by this they knew that the King was going
to hunt. And Fulk and his companions armed them-
selves very richly. And Fulk swore a great oath that
he would not, for fear of death, refrain from avenging
95
himself on the King, who wrongfully, and by force,
had disinherited him, and that he would boldly
challenge his rights and his heritage. And Fulk
caused his companions to remain there, and he himself,
he said, would go to spy out adventures.
And Fulk went on his way, and he met an old
charcoal-burner, who carried a sieve in his hand, and
was all dressed in black, as a charcoal-burner should be.
And Fulk prayed him that of love he would give him
his clothes and his sieve for money. " Willingly,
Sire," said he. And Fulk gave him ten besants, and
prayed him that, for love, he would tell of it to no one.
And the charcoal-burner went on his way. And
Fulk remained, and anon he dressed himself in the
attire which the charcoal-burner had given unto him,
and he went to the charcoal, and began to stir the fire.
And Fulk saw a large iron fork, the which he took in
his hand, and he arranged here and there the pieces of
wood. And ere long there came the King, with three
knights, all afoot, to where Fulk was arranging his
fire. And when Fulk saw the King, right well he
knew him, and he threw down the fork, and saluted
his lord, and he fell on his knees before him very
humbly. And the King and his three knights laughed
heartily, and they made game of the breeding and
96
bearing of the charcoal-burner, and longwhile did
they remain there. " Sir Villain," said the King,
" have you seen any stag or doe pass by here ? "
" Yea, my Lord, a while ago." " What beast did you
see ? " " Sire, my Lord, one horned, and it had long
horns." " Where is it ? " " Sire, my Lord, right
well do I know how to lead you to where I saw it."
" Forward, then, Sir Villain, and we will follow you."
" Sire," said the charcoal-burner, " shall I take my
fork in my hand ? for if it were taken, I should suffer
great loss thereby." " Yea, villain, if you will."
And Fulk took the great fork of iron in his hand, and
escorted the King to shoot, as though he had a very
fine bow. " Sire, my Lord," said Fulk, " may it please
you to wait, and I will go into the thicket, and will
make the beast to come out by this path here." " Be
it so," said the King. And Fulk sprang hastily into
the thick of the forest, and he commanded his com-
pany to seize King John quickly, " for I have brought
him here, with three knights only, and all his retinue
is on the other side of the forest." And Fulk and his
company leaped out of the thicket, and cried upon
the King, and seized him forthwith. " Sir King,"
said Fulk, " now I have you in my power, and such
judgment will I mete out unto you as you would have
97 H
done unto me if that you had taken me." And the
King trembled with fear, for he had great dread of
Fulk. And Fulk swore that he should die for the
great hurt and the disinheriting the which he had done
unto him, and unto many a good man of England.
And the King cried him mercy, and prayed him his
life for the love of God, and wholly would he restore
unto him all his heritage, and whatsoever he had
taken from him and from his people, and he would
grant unto him his love and goodwill all his days, and
of this he would give him in all things such surety as
it pleased him to devise. And Fulk duly granted
unto him his request on condition that, in the presence
of his knights, he would plight his word to keep this
covenant. And the King plighted unto him his word
that he would hold to the covenant, and right glad
was he that he could thus escape.
And he returned to his palace, and he caused his
knights and his retinue to assemble, and he related
unto them, word for word, how that Sir Fulk had
deceived him, and he said that under constraint had
he made the oath, for the which he would not hold
to it, and he commanded that all should arm them in
haste to take those felons in the park. Then Sir
James de Normandy, who was cousin to the King,
98
prayed that he might have the avant-guard, and he
said that " the English — at least all those of rank —
are cousins to Sir Fulk, and because of this they are
traitors to the King, and will not take these felons."
Then said Randolf, Earl of Chester, " By my faith
Sir Knight, saving the honour of our lord the King
and not yours, in that you lie." And he would have
struck him with his fist if that the earl-marshal had
not been there, and he said that they are not, nor ever
were, traitors to the King or to his people, but truly
had he said that all men of rank, and the King himself,
were cousins to Sir Fulk. Then said the earl-marshal,
" Let us go pursue Sir Fulk. Then will the King see
who will falter because of cousinship." And Sir
James de Normandy and his fifteen companion knights
armed them very richly, and all in white armour, and
they were all nobly mounted on white steeds. And
he hasted forward with his company to secure the
prize.
And John de Rampaigne had espied all their doings,
and he told them unto Sir Fulk, who could in nowise
escape save by battle. And Sir Fulk and his com-
panions armed them very richly, and they hurtled
themselves boldly against Sir James, and they de-
fended themselves valiantly, and they slew all his
99
companions save four who were wounded nigh unto
death. And Sir James was taken. And anon Sir Fulk
and his companions armed themselves with the harness
of ~Sir James and of the other Normans, and they
mounted on to their goodly steeds, the which were
white, for their own steeds were tired and lean. And
they armed Sir James with the harness of Sir Fulk,
and they bound his mouth so that he could not speak,
and put his helm on his head, and they rode towards
the King, who, when he saw them, knew them by
their harness, and thought that Sir James and his
companions brought Sir Fulk.
Then Sir Fulk presented Sir James to the King,
and said that he was Sir Fulk. And when they saw
this, the Earl of Chester and the earl-marshal were
very sorrowful. And the King, for the gift, made
command to him that he should kiss him, but
Sir Fulk said that he could not tarry to take off his
helm, for that he must needs go pursue the other
Fitz-Warines. And the King descended down from
off his goodly steed, and he commanded him to mount
on to it, for it was swift to pursue his enemies. And
Sir Fulk alighted, and he mounted on to the steed of
the King, and departed to his companions, and they
fled a good six leagues from there. And there they
disarmed them in a wood, and washed their wounds,
and they bandaged the wound of William, his brother,
who was grievously wounded by one of the Normans,
and they held him as dead, for the which they all made
dole without measure.
And forthwith the King gave command to hang
Sir Fulk. Then came Emery de Pin, a Gascon, who
was kinsman to Sir James, and he said that he would
hang him. And he took him, and led him a short
way thence, and caused his helm to be taken off.
And anon he saw that it was James, and he unbound
his mouth. And he told unto him all that had
happened betwixt him and Sir Fulk. And Emery
came forthwith to the King, and brought Sir James
who related unto him how Sir Fulk had served him.
And when the King perceived that he was thus de-
ceived, he was sore vexed, and he swore a great oath
that never would he take off his hauberk until that he
had taken these traitors. But of this Sir Fulk knew
naught.
And the King and his earls and his barons pursued
them by the hoofmarks of their horses until that they
were come well-nigh unto the wood where Fulk was.
And when Fulk perceived them, he wept and lamented
for William, his brother, and he held himself lost for
ever. And William prayed of them that they would
cut off his head, and carry it with them, so that the
King, when he found his body, might not know who
he was. And Fulk said that this he would not do for
the world, and with tears he prayed very pitifully that
God, in His mercy, would aid them, and such grief
was there among them, that never was greater seen.
And Randolf, Earl of Chester, led the way, and
when he perceived Sir Fulk, he gave command to his
company to halt, and he went alone to Sir Fulk, and
besought him, for the love of God, that he would yield
him to the King, and he would answer for him for
life and limb, and that he should be wholly reconciled
to the King. And Fulk made answer that this he
would not do for all the wealth of the world. " But,
Sir Cousin, for the love of God I pray you for my
brother, who lies there, that, when he is dead, you
will cause his body to be buried, so that wild beasts
may not devour it, and ours likewise when we are
dead. And return you to your lord, the King, and
do your duty by him without guile, and without
regard to us who are of your blood. And now here
will we receive the fate which is ordained for us."
And the earl, all weeping, returned to his company.
And Fulk remained, and he wept very tenderly with
IOZ
compassion for his brother, whom he must needs
leave there, and he prayed God that He would succour
and aid them.
And the earl commanded his retinue and his com-
pany to the assault, and they struck at them with
vigour. And the earl himself attacked Sir Fulk, but
at last the earl lost his horse, and his company were
in great part slain. And Sir Fulk and his brothers
defended themselves valiantly. And whilst that
Fulk defended himself, Sir Berard de Blois came behind
him. and struck him with his sword on his side, and he
thought to have slain him. Then Fulk turned round
and struck him back on the left shoulder with both his
hands, and he cut through his heart and his lungs,
and he fell dead from his steed. And so much did
Fulk bleed, that he swooned on the neck of his steed,
and his sword fell from his hand. Then was there
wondrous sorrow amongst his brothers. And John,
his brother, sprang up behind Fulk on his steed, and
held him up so that he might not fall, and they took
to flight, for no strength had they to remain. And
the King and his retinue pursued them, but take them
they could not. And all the night they wandered
thus, till on the morrow they came to the sea to Mador
the mariner. And then Fulk revived, and he asked
103
where he was, and in whose hands. And his brothers
comforted him as best they could, and they laid him
in the ship in a very fair bed, and John de Rampaigne
dressed his wounds.
And the Earl of Chester had suffered great loss of
his men, and hard by he saw William Fitz-Warine
well-nigh dead, and he took him, and sent him to an
abbey to be cared for. And at last he was discovered
there, and the King caused him to be brought in a
litter before him to Windsor, and made him to be
cast into a deep prison, and he was much an angered
with the Earl of Chester for that he had hidden him.
And the King said, " Fulk is wounded unto death, and
this one I have now here. The others I shall take
easily, wherever they may be. Certes, I am sore
vexed at the pride of Fulk, for if that he had not been
proud, he would have been still living. And as long
as he was alive, no such knight was there in all the
world, wherefore great loss is it to lose such a knight."
And in the sea, nigh unto Spain, is an isle, all com-
passed about with high rocks, and there is but one
entrance, the which is called Beteloye, half a league
long, and as much broad, and neither man nor beast
dwell there. And on the sixth day they came to
this isle.
104
Then Fulk began to sleep, for no sleep had he had
for six days. And his brothers and his retinue went
ashore, and he himself all alone slept in the ship, the
which was fastened to a rock. And ere long there
came a mighty wind, the which broke the fastenings
of the ship, and carried the ship out into the open
sea. And when that Fulk awoke, and saw the stars
and the firmament, he called to his brother John and
to his other companions, but no one answered him, and
he perceived that he was alone upon the open sea.
Then he began to weep, and to curse his fate, the
which was so hard, and he grieved for his brothers.
And then sleep took hold of him, and soon his ship
came to the land of Barbary, at the city of Tunis.
And there, at that time, was Messobryn, the King
of Barbary, with four kings and six admirals, who were
all Saracens. And the King was leaning on a tower
over against the sea, and he saw this strange galley
the which had arrived at his land, and he gave com-
mand to two men-at-arms to go see what it was.
And the two men entered the ship, and they found
naught save the knight, who was still asleep. And
one of them struck him with his foot, and bade
him awaken. And the knight sprang up like a man
affrighted, and he struck him with his fist so that he
105
fell overboard into the sea, and the other took to
flight, and came to tell unto the King of all that had
befallen.
And the King commanded an hundred knights to
go seize the ship, and to bring the knight to him.
And the hundred knights, all armed, came to the ship,
and assailed it on all sides. And Fulk defended
himself courageously against all, but at last he yielded
him on condition that he should be well used. And
they led him before the King, and he commanded
that he should be well cared for in a chamber.
And Isorie, the sister of the King, used ofttimes
to visit and to comfort him, and she was a very fair
and noble damsel. And she perceived that he was
wounded in the side, and she prayed of him that for
love he would tell her his name, and of what country
he was, and in what manner he had been wounded.
And he made answer to her that he was named Marin
le Perdu of France, and that he loved tenderly from
his heart a damsel, the daughter of an earl of his
country, and that she made him in return great
semblance of love, but she loved another more.
" And it happed that she and I were together one
day in much delight, and she held me very fast in
her embrace. And then there came the other one
106
whom she loved more, and he smote me with his
sword, and they placed me in a galley on the sea for
dead, and the galley brought me to these parts."
" Certes," said Isorie, " this damsel was scarce
courteous." And Isorie took her harp, the which
was very precious, and she made descants and notes
for to solace Fulk, for she saw that he was fair, and
of courtly breeding.
And Fulk asked of Isorie the fair what was
the matter in dispute in the hall before the King.
" Certes," said she, " I will tell you. In the land of
Iberia there was a duke who was called the Duke of
Carthage, and he had a very fair daughter, Ydoine of
Carthage. And during the lifetime of her father she
dwelt in his castle of Carthage. And at length there
came a dragon the which seized her, and carried her to
a high mountain in the sea, and there he kept her for
the space of more than seven years, until that a knight
of England, who was called Fulk Fitz-Warine de Metz,
came to that mountain and slew the dragon, and
restored her to her father. And presently the duke
died, and she held all the duchy. And the King, my
brother, sent messengers unto her that he would take
her to wife ; but she denied him, and for the shame
which the King had, he caused a great multitude to
107
assemble, and he laid waste her cities, and demolished
her castles. And the damsel fled thence into a strange
country for to seek help, and now is she come again
with people without number, and is about to make
fierce war upon the King, and thus is she ready to do
battle against a host, or with knight against knight,
in such manner that if her people be vanquished, she
will go again into her own country, and if ours be
overcome, then shall the King, my brother, wholly
make good the damage. And touching this, there
came to-day into the hall proud messengers, and may
it please the god Mahoun that you may be such an
one that you will be bold to do battle for the King,
my brother, for great honour would befall you."
" Certes, my lady, much am I beholden to my lord
the King, and above all to you, but never will I do
battle for Saracen against Christian, even though I
should lose my life. But if that the King will abandon
his faith, and will become a Christian, and be baptized,
then will I do battle, and will save his lands and his
people, and will win for him the damsel of whom you
have spoken." And Isorie went and told unto Mes-
sobryn, her brother, the King of Barbary, all that
Fulk, who had called himself Marin le Perdu of
France, had promised unto her. And the King
108
forthwith granted whatever he might counsel, if that
thus he could achieve his desire.
And the day of battle was ordained, and the King
armed Sir Fulk very richly, and Isorie herself served
him right willingly. And the King, and his Bar-
barines, and his admirals, and all his other men, were
well armed, and much folk with them. And they
sent forward his knight Fulk, who was to do battle,
and the duchess sent forward her knight. And the
knights, who were without fear, goaded their horses
with their spurs, and they struck each other with their
lances in such manner that the pieces flew about the
field. And then they drew their swords, and boldly
did they encounter each other. And Fulk struck the
horse of his companion in such wise that he felled
it dead, but he had minded to strike the knight.
And when the knight was on the ground, then said he,
" You wicked pagan, you wicked Saracen of ill faith,
may God in Heaven curse you ! Wherefore have
you slain my horse ? " And Fulk dismounted afoot,
and the day long they combated together with all
their might. And when it was nigh even, the knight
said to Fulk, " Sir Pagan, you are very strong and
vigorous. Tell me for love where you were born ? "
" If it please you to know my nation, I will not tell
109
it unto you if that you tell me not first your own,
and then will I make it known unto you." Then the
knight told unto him how that he was a Christian,
born in England, the son of Guarin de Metz, and that
he was called Philip the Red. And word by word
he related in order all his life, and that of his brothers,
and how that the duchess came in a ship to the isle of
Beteloye, and received them into the ship, and saved
them, for there had they been for the space of half a
year and more, and had eaten their horses from hunger.
" And when the countess saw us, forthwith she knew
us, and found for us all that was needful to us, and
she told unto us how that she came from England, and
had sought us there for to wage war for her. And a
very hard life have we led."
Then said Fulk, "Fair brother Philip the Red,
know you me not ? I am Fulk, your brother."
" Nay, certes, Sir Saracen, that are you not, but now
you would deceive me. By God, you shall not ! "
Then Fulk told him of a true mark, by the which he
knew him. And then they made great rejoicing, and
put off the combat until the morrow. And Philip
told unto the duchess how that it was Fulk, his
brother, with whom he had fought, and by the counsel
of Fulk and Philip and his other brothers, the King,
and all his household, were baptized, and the King
wedded the duchess with great honour.
And Fulk and his brothers and his household
sojourned awhile with the King, and then, -they
equipped them very richly to go to England. And
the King gave unto them gold, and silver, and horses,
and arms, and all the riches that they would have or
desire, and they filled their ship with so great wealth
that it was marvellous. And when that they were
come privily into England, Fulk commanded that
John de Rampaigne should dissemble him as a mer-
chant, and should make inquiry where King John
was, and if William, his brother, was alive or not.
And John dressed himself very richly in the guise of
a merchant, and came to London. And he lodged
him in the house of the mayor, and caused himself to
be served very sumptuously, and he fraternized with
the mayor and all his household, and gave unto them
liberal gifts, and he prayed of the mayor that he would
make him known unto the King, to the end that he
might bring his ship to his land. And that which
he spake was corrupt Latin, but the mayor under-
stood him well. And the mayor led him before the
King at Westminster, and the merchant saluted him
very courteously in his language. And the King
understood him well, and asked of him who he was,
and whence he came. " Sire," said he, " I am a
merchant of Greece, and I have been in Babylon and
Alexandria and India the Greater, and I have a ship
laden with condiments, and rich cloth, and pearls,
and horses, and other riches, the which might be of
great worth unto this kingdom." " I would," said
the King, " that you and yours come ashore in my
land, and I will be your surety." And they were
bidden to stay and eat. And the mayor and the
merchant ate together before the King. And ere long
there came two sergeants-at-mace, and they led into
the hall a knight, tall, and stout, and with a long
black beard, and he was meanly clad, and they made
him to be seated in the midst of the hall, and gave
him to eat. And the merchant asked of the mayor
who he was, and he told unto him that he was a knight
called Sir William Fitz-Warine, and he related unto
him wholly all the affair of him and of his brothers.
And when that he heard him named, then was he
very rejoiced that he saw him alive, but he was sore
grieved in his heart that he saw him so ill at ease.
And the merchant, as soon as he could, hasted to
Sir Fulk, and related unto him all his doings, and he
caused the ship to be brought as nigh unto the city
as was possible. And on the morrow the merchant
took a white palfrey, (none other so fair was there in
all the kingdom,) and he presented it unto King John,
who received it right gladly because of its beauty.
And the merchant bestowed such largess, that he
made himself to be loved of all, and he could do in
the Court whatsoever it pleased him. And on a day
he took his companions, and they armed them well,
and then they put on the gowns wont to be used by
mariners, and they came to Westminster to the Court,
and there were they received nobly, and they saw
William Fitz-Warine led by the warders to the prison.
And the merchant and his companions, despite the
warders, took him by force, and they carried him to
their boat, the which was afloat nigh unto the palace,
and they all got in. And the warders raised a hue
and cry, and pursued them. And the merchants
were well armed, and they defended themselves
bravely, and they escaped to their galley, and sailed
towards the high sea. And when Fulk saw William,
his brother, and John de Rampaigne, who was the
merchant, it needs not to ask if he was glad. And
they embraced one another, and each told unto the
other of his adventures and his misfortunes. And
when that the King heard that he had been
113
deceived of the merchant, he held himself very
badly used.
And Fulk and his companions arrived in Brittany,
and there dwelt they half a year and more with their
kinsfolk and their cousins. And at length he deter-
mined that naught should hinder him from going
into England. And when that he was come into
England, into the New Forest, the which aforetime
he frequented, he met the King, who was pursuing
a wild boar. And Fulk and his comrades seized him,
and six knights with him, and they carried him to
their galley. And the King and all his retinue were
sore afraid. And there was much parley ; but at
length the King put aside all his anger, and he re-
stored unto them all their heritage, and promised
unto them in good faith that he would make their
reconciliation to be proclaimed throughout England,
and for the doing of this he left his six knights with
them as hostages, until that the reconciliation was
proclaimed.
And the King went thence to Westminster, and he
called together the earls and the barons and the clergy,
and he told unto them openly how that he had freely
granted his goodwill to Fulk Fitz-Warine and to his
brothers and to all his adherents, and he commanded
114
that they should be honourably received throughout
the realm, and he granted unto them wholly all their
heritage. And when that Hubert, the archbishop,
heard this, right glad was he, and forthwith he sent
letters to Fulk, and to the Earl of Gloucester, and to
Randolf, the Earl of Chester, and to Hugh, the earl-
marshal, that without delay they should come to
him at Canterbury. And when that they were come,
they decreed that Fulk, and his brothers, should sub-
mit themselves at London unto the King. And
Fulk, and his brothers, and the three earls, with their
followers, apparelled themselves as richly as they
knew how and were able, and they came through
London with great pomp, and kneeled before the
King at Westminster, and submitted themselves unto
him. And the King received them, and restored
unto them all that was theirs in England, and he
commanded them to remain with him. And this
did they for a whole month. And then Fulk took
his leave, and he sojourned with the earl-marshal.
And the earl made over unto him Ashdown, and
Wanting, and other lands. And Fulk and his brothers
armed them as it pleased them, and came to Abingdon,
and they removed thence all that they could find
to sell, and caused it to be taken and carried to Wanting,
"5
and there he established a fair and a market town, the
which has ever since then been held there, and still is.
And Fulk took leave of the earl-marshal, and he
went thence to Earl Randolf of Chester, who was
making ready with a large force for Ireland to defend
his rights there. And when that they were arrived,
they saw a great assemblage of their enemies. And
the earl commanded that all should arm them. And
the earl had with him three young brothers, who
were men of great valour and strength, and they were
armed and well mounted, and with them was Fulk.
And at length they saw amongst their enemies a
hideous giant, who was well armed down to his feet,
and was hideous, and black, and horrible, and taller
by twelve feet than any other. And he cried out,
" Earl of Chester, send me the most valiant knight
that you have to defend your rights." And when
that the three youths heard this, they encountered him
one after the other, and forthwith he slew them with
the axe which he carried. And at last Fulk let go his
steed, and would have struck him with his lance but
that the giant -turned aside slightly, and he struck at
Fulk so that he well-nigh slew him. And Fulk feared
him greatly, and he watched him closely, until that
he ran him through the body with his lance. And he
116
fell to the ground, and in falling he struck the horse of
Fulk, and cut off two of its hoofs. And Fulk fell to
the ground, but he sprang up again, and he drew his
sword, and cut off his head. And he carried his axe
to White Town, where Fulk had caused a very strong
and fair castle to be built in the marsh. And thus did
the earl conquer all his lands and castles in Ireland.
And when that he had sojourned there awhile, and
had set his lands in order, then returned he into
England.
And Fulk came to White Town, and there he
found Maude, his wife, and his children, who were
right glad of his coming, and they had great joy
together. Then Fulk caused his treasures and his
goods to be brought, and he bestowed much lands
and horses on his fighting-men and his friends, and
he maintained his lands right worthily.
And Fulk bethought him that greatly had he sinned
against God by the slaying of people, and by other
great misdeeds, and, to acquit him of his sins, he
founded a priory in honour of Our Lady the Holy
Mother of the Order of Grandmont, near Alberbury,
in a wood on the river Severn, the which is called the
New Abbey. And not long after, Dame Maude de
Caus, his wife, died, and she was interred in this
117
priory. And a good while after that this lady had died,
Fulk wedded a very noble lady, Dame Clarice de
Auberville, and by his two wives he begat fair and
valiant children. And when that Joan, the wife of
Lewis, the Prince of Wales, and who was the daughter
of King Henry of England, was dead, because of the
great renown for prowess and for goodness that Sir
Fulk had, he sent to him for his daughter Eve. And
he gave her unto him, and with great honour and
solemnity were they wedded. But Lewis lived but
a year and a half after, and he died, and was buried
at Aberconway, without heir begotten of Eve. And
afterward was she wedded to the lord of Oswestry,
who was a knight very adventurous, courageous, and
bold.
And on a night, Fulk and Dame Clarice, his wife,
were together in their chamber. And the lady slept,
but Fulk lay awake, and he bethought him of his
youth, and heartily did he repent him of his sins.
And ere long he saw in the chamber so great a light
that he marvelled, and he wondered within himself
what it could be. And then he heard a voice in the
air as it were of thunder, and it said, " Knight, God
has granted thee thy penance, the which avails more
here than elsewhere." And at these words the lady
118
awoke, and she saw the great light, and, from fear,
she covered her face. And at length the light vanished.
And after this light never more could Fulk see, and
he was blind all his days.
And this Fulk was very hospitable and liberal, and
he caused the highway to be turned through the hall
of his manor of Alleston, to the intent that no stranger
might pass that way without meat or lodging, or
other regard or goods of his. And Merlin says : —
" In Britain the Great a wolf will come from the
White Plain. Twelve sharp teeth will he have, six
below and six above. He will have so fierce a look,
that he will drive the leopard from out the White
Plain, such great strength and virtue will he have.
But we know that Merlin said this of Fulk Fitz-
Warine, for each of you may be sure that in the time
of King Arthur that was called the White Plain which
is now named White Town. For in that country
was the chapel of St. Augustine, which was fair, where
Kahuz the son of Ywein dreamt that he stole the
candelabrum, and that he encountered a man who
wounded him with a knife, and bruised him in his
side. And he cried out so loud as he slept, that
King Arthur heard him, and awoke from sleep. And
when Kahuz was awaked, he put his hand to his side,
119
and there he tound the knife by the which he had
been wounded. Thus says the Graal, the book of
the holy vessel. There recovered King Arthur his
goodness and his valour, when he had quite lost his
chivalry and his virtue. From this country the wolf
issued, as says the wise Merlin. And the twelve sharp
teeth we have recognized from his shield. He bore a
shield indented as the arbiters have devised. On the
shield are twelve teeth gules and argent. By the
leopard may be recognized and well understood King
John ; for he bore on his shield leopards of beaten
gold."
And this Fulk remained seven years blind, and he
endured his penance with patience. And Dame
Clarice died, and was buried in the New Abbey.
And after her death Fulk lived but a year, and he
died at White Town. And with great honour he
was interred at the New Abbey, on whose soul may
God have mercy ! And the body lies nigh unto the
altar. May God have mercy on us all, living and
dead ! Amen !
INDEX
Aberconway, 118.
Alan, son of Flaeu, 9.
Alard, xv.
Alberbury, xiv, 10, 34, 47, 48, 61,
75. "7-
Alexandria, 112.
Alleston, 40, 119.
Anable, 58.
Anjou, xv, 66.
Antiquities of Shropshire, xi.
Arthur, King, xiii, 32, 119, 120.
Ashdown, 115.
Auberville, Clarice de, Fulk's
second wife, 118, 120.
Audley, Henry de, 70, 71, 73.
Augustine, 7.
Aunflorreis of Orkney, xix, 88.
daughter of, 86.
Avignon, Piers d', 47.
Aymon, Quarte fils, xiii, xv, xvi.
Babbing, forest of, 48.
Babylon, 112.
Bagot, Castle, 86, 68.
Balaham Castle, 67, 69, 77.
Baldwin, Castle, see Montgomery,
Barbary, Messobryns, King of,
105, 108.
Belehealme, Ernald de, 2.
Belehealme, Robert de, 2.
Belehealme, Roger de, 2, 3.
Beledyns, the Briton, 9.
Bertolais, xiv.
Beteoyle, 104, no.
Blois, Berard de, 103.
Bois, Amis du, see Fulk, 79.
Bordeaux, Huon de, xvi.
Botiler, Hubert le, Archbishop of
Bracy, Audulf de, 47, 54, 71, 74,
76, 85, 91, 93, 94, 95-
Bradene, forest of. 50.
Bran, Castle, see Old March, xiii,
Bran, King, 5.
Bristol, 3, 10.
Brittany, 12, 47, 88, 114.
Brittany, Geoffrey Count of, 41.
Brittany, John Duke of, 12.
- ten sons of, 12, 15.
Bruce, Godard de, 18, 20.
Bruce, Robert, xvii.
Bruces, the, 13.
Bruere, de la, Marion, xix, 21, 25,
28, 30, 31.
Brugge, Castle of, 2, 3.
Brutus, 4.
Bruvile, Piers de, 58, 50, 60.
Burgh, 5.
Burgundy, Duke of, 13, 14.
Candclou de Porkington, 16, 37.
Canterbury, 53, 7?.
Canterbury. Archbishop of, ttt
Botiler, Hubert le, xix, 57, 76,
115.
Carreganant, grange o., 76.
Carthage, 90, 94.
Carthage, Duke of, 90, 94, 107.
Catalogue of Romances in the
Department cf MSS. in the
British Museum, x.
Caus, Maude de, Fulk's first wife,
57, 75, 76, "7;
Charlemagne, xiv, xv.
nephew of, xiv.
Chariot, xiv.
Chester, 2, 3, 10, 39.
Chester, Randolf, Earl of, xii,
xvii, 99, 100, 102, 104, 115, 116.
Chettle, Henry, xx.
Chronicon A nglicanum, ix.
Clairfontaine, Aaron de, son of,
48.
Claris, xvi.
Coggeshail, Radulph de, ix.
Colchester, Jordan de, 54.
Corbet, Sir Thomas, 71.
Corineus, from whom Cornwall
has still its name, xiii, 4.
Cornwall, see Corineus, 4.
Corve, river of, 3.
Cosham, brothers, 54.
County Palatine, 2.
Courthose, Robert, 10.
Cristal, xvi.
Dee, waters of, TO.
Denmark, 88.
Descriptive Catalogue of Materi-
als relating to the history oj
Great Britain and Ireland to
the end of the reign of Henry
VII., x.
Dinorben, 69.
Donvval, father of King Bran, 5.
Dordon, xv.
Dover, 76, 77, 95.
Droyndoun, Jervard, Prince of
Wales, 34.
Dunbars, the, 13.
Dynan, Castle of, xviii, 2, 3, 20,
25> 26, 27, 28, 31, 32, 35, 36.
Dynan, Joce de, 3, 16, 17, 20,
22-28 (inclusive), 30, 32, 34, 35,
36, 38, 39, 4i-
Dynan, see Ludlow, 3, 17, 31, 35,
41.
Eleyne, it.
Kllesmere, n, 34, 40.
Emeline, see Vileine, 48.
Eneas, son of the king of Scot-
land, 13.
Estrange, Guy, see 1'Estrange, 15.
Estrat, 69.
Eustace the Monk, xvii.
Eve, Fulk's daughter, it8.
Evvyas, 16, 26.
Eyton, W., x, xi.
Fitz-Aaron, Morgan, 49.
Fitz-Alan, 9, u.
Fitz-Candelou de Porkington, 16,
37, 63, 64.
Fitz-Roger, Moris, 44, 45, 48, 49
61, 62, 63, 65, 66.
Fitz-Sampson, 53, 59, 61, 62.
Fitz- Walter, Robert, xii.
Fitzwarin, Ivo, xi.
Fitz-Warine, Alan, Fulk's brother,
41, 42, 53, 71, 76, 85.
Fitz-Warine, John, Fulk's brother,
41, 42, 50, 53, 76, 103.
Fitz- Warine.Fulk, his bringing up,
41; his quarrel with Prince John,
42 ; skill in arms, 43 ; his estates
given to Moris Fitz-Roger, 44 ;
king refuses him redress, 45 ;
renounces homage to the king,
46 ; defeats knights sent to cap-
ture him, 46 ; fights with Moris
Fitz-Roger, 48 ; king sends a
hundred knights to capture him,
49 ; robs ten merchants, 51 ;
price put upon his head, 52 ;
fight with the hundred knights,
54 ; takes refuge in an abbey,
55 ; escapes disguised as a monk,
56 ; goes to Canterbury with his
gi
B
brother William, 57; marries
Maude de Caus, 58; punishes
de Bruvile, 60 ; kills Moris Fitz-
Roger, 64 ; goes to Prince Lewis,
64 ; reconciles Prince Lewis and
Gwenwynwyn, 66 ; gives battle
to King John at the Ford of
Gymele, 68; Prince Lewis re-
stores White Town to him, 69 ;
Lestrange and Audley lead an
army against him, 70; battle at
the pass of Mudle, 70 ; king
makes overtures to Prince Lewis
to surrender Fulk, 76 ; sends his
wife to Canterbury, and flies to
France, 77 ; goes to Paris, 77 ;
jousts with de Montbener, 78 ;
ives himself out to be Amis du
ois, 79 ; his identity discovered,
So ; embarks on Madpr's ship,
83 ; lands on an island, inhabited
by villains, 84 ; rescues seven
imprisoned damsels, 87 ; and
takes them back to Castle Bagot,
88 ; kills a horned serpent in
Scandinavia, 89 ; comes to Car-
thage, 90 ; rescues the Duke's
daughter from the dragon, 92 ;
returns to England, 95 ; dis-
guised as a charcoal-burner
takes the king prisoner, 98 ; re-
leases the king, who promises to
restore his lands, 98 ; takes
James de Normandy prisoner,
100 ; and sends him disguised
as himself to the king, 101 ;
wounded by de Bois, 103 ; is
taken to Mador's ship to re-
cover, 104 ; adrift alone, is
carried to Barbary, 105 ; and
nursed by Isorie, the kind's
sister, 106 ; gives himself out to
be Marin le Perdu, 106 ; as
Messobryn's champion fights
his brother Philip, 109 ; returns
to England, in ; rescues his
brother William, 113 ; takes the
king prisoner, 114; but releases
him on condition that his lands
are restored, 114 ; he and his bro-
thers are reconciled with the
king, 115; joins the Earl of Ches-
ter in his expedition to Ireland,
116 ; slays a giant, 117 ; founds
a priory near Alberbury, 117;
joins his wife and children, 117 ;
death of his wife, 117 ; marries
Clarice de Auberville, 118; is
struck blind in the night, 119;
dies, 1 20.
Fitz-Warine, Philip, Fulk's brother,
xi, 41, 42, 53, 71, 76, 85.
Fitz-Warine, William, Fulk's
brother, xi, 41, 42, 53, 76, 85,
IOT, 102, 104, in, 112, 113.
Flaeu, 9.
France, xix, 108.
France, Gerard de, 47.
France, King of, 40.
Fulk I., grandfather of Fulk
Fitz-Warine, xi.
Fulk II., see Fulk le Bnm, xi.
Fulk III. ,ste Fitz-Warine, Fulk.xi.
Fulk IV., son of Fulk Fiu-Warine,
xii.
Fulk le Brun, father of Fulk, 16,
19, 20, 21, 24, 26, 32-41 (inclu-
sive), 43.
Fulk, son of Fulk and Maude de
Caus, see Fulk IV., 75.
Galloway, King of, 13.
Garin le Loherain, xiiu
Geoffrey, Count of Brittany, 41.
Geomagog, xiii, xix, 4, 6, 7, 9.
Gloucester, 37, 39.
Gloucester, Earl of, 115.
Godebrand, 17.
Gothland, 88.
Graal, the, xiii, ixx
Graudmont, Order of, 117.
Great March, 5.
Greece, 112.
Guich.ird, xv.
Gwenwynwyn, son of Owen
Keveyloc, 65, 66, 67, 68.
Gwynned.Owen, Prince of Wales, i.
Gymele, Ford of, 67.
Hardy, Thomas Duffus, ix, x.
Harold, King, i.
Hartland, 25, 26.
Hawyse, daughter of Fulk, and
Maude de Caus, see Wem, Lady
of, 75,
Hawyse, Fulk's mother, xi, xiv,
16, 19, 24, 26 34, 38, 41, 47.
Henry, son of Henry the becond,
41.
Henry the First, 3, ip.
Henry the Second, xiv, 37, 38, 39,
41, 42, 44, 64.
Hereford, 24, 40.
Hereward, xvii.
Hdricault, C. d', ix.
History of Ludlow, x.
Hodnet, Baldwin de, 42, 46, 47,
54, 76, 77, 85-
Holy Land, the, 43.
Huggeford, 48, 56, 75.
Huggeford, Walter de, 49.
Hugh, earl-marshal, 115.
Iberia, 90, 107.
Iberia, king of, 90.
India, the greater, 112.
reland, xv, 23, 58, 66, 88, 89, 116.
Isorie, xix, 106, 107, 109.
Jervard, son of Owen, Prince -of
Wales, 15, 35, 36, 39, 40.
Joan, wife of Henry de Pembridge,
Joan, wife of Prince Lewis, 40, 64,
66, 76, 1 1 8.
John, Duke of Brittany, sons of,
12.
John, King, his quarrel with Fulk,
43 ; is crowned, 42 ; gives Fitz-
Roger White Town, 44 ; refuses
Fulk redress, 45; sends a hundred
knights to capture Fulk, 46 ;
confiscates all Fulk's estates, 47 ;
learns of Fulk's return to
England, 49 ; puts a price on
Fulk's head, 52 ; raises an army
against Fulk and Gwenwynwyn,
67 ; is defeated at the Ford of
Gymele, 68 ; sends de Audley
with an army to help Lestrange
against Fulk, 70 ; his interview
with de Rampaigne ,71 ; his
affection for Maude de Caus, 75 ;
taken prisoner by Fulk in
Windsor Forest, 97 ; is released
on promising to restore Fulk
his lands, 98 ; takes an army in
pursuit of Fulk, 101 ; defeats and
wounds Fulk, 103 ; interviews
de Rampaigne at Westminster.
in ; taken prisoner by Fulk in
the New Forest, 114 ; released
on promising to restore Fulk
his lands, 114; reconciled with
Fulk, 115.
Kahuz, son of Ywein, 119.
Kent, weald of, 52.
Keveyloc, Owen, 37, 65.
Key, see Keyenham, 32.
castle of, 32, 35.
Keyenham, see Key, 32.
Keyroc, n.
Knokyn, 69.
Lackland, John, xv, xix.
Lacy, Walter de, 16, 17, 20, 21,
25, 26, 27, 28, 31, 33, 34, 36, 38,
39. 41-
Lambourne, 39.
Landri, xiv.
Lannerth, 65.
Leland, ix.
L' Estrange, see Estrange, 15.
Lestrange, John, 69, 71.
Lewis, son of Jervard, Prince of
Wales, 40, 64, 65, 66, 76, 118.
124
L'Histoire Litteraire de la
France, ix.
London, i, 10, 40, in, 115.
Lorraine, 9.
Ludlow, see Dynan, 3, 41.
Lys, Arnald de, xviii, 20, 21, 25,
26, 27, 28, 29, 30.
Mador, xix, 81, 82, 83, 88, 90, 91,
94, 95, 103.
Maclor, 11, 34, 40, 41.
Magdalene, 22.
Mahoun, the god, 108.
Malfee, Girard de, 56.
Malyeysin, John, 54.
Marin le Perdu, see Fitz-Warine,
Fulk, 106, 108.
Marquis, Amis de, 47.
Matilda, wife of Fulk III., xi.
Melette, wife of Guarin de Metz,
n, 12, 14, 15, 24, 34, 38.
Meredus, son of Beledyns, 9.
Merlin, xiii, 119, 120.
Messobryn, king of Barbary, xix,
105, 108.
Metheyn, castle of, 65.
Metz, 9.
Metz, Guarin de, 12, 13, 14, 15,
24, 25, 26, 32, 33, 34, 38, 41, 48.
Meunc, Prince, xi.
Michel, Francisque, ix.
Mochnant, 65.
Moland, L., ix.
Montaigne, de la, Guy, sons of, 48.
Montauban, Renaud de, xiii,'xiv,
xv.
Montbener, Druz de, 78.
Montgomery, see Baldwin, 44.
Morlas, land of, 10.
Mortimer Castle, 23.
Mortimers, the, 23.
Mountferrant, Gilbert de, 54.
Mount Gilbert, 2.
Mudle, pass of, 70.
Munday, Anthony, xx.
Murray, count of, 13.
Nauhendon, n.
Nesse.passof, 63.
New Abbey, 117, iso.
New Forest, 114.
Normandy, xv, 10, 66.
Normandy, James dc, 98, 99, 100,
101.
Norway, 88.
Nottingham, sheriff of, xviii.
Nowelle sfran^oises en Prose du
Ogier, xiii.
Old March, see Bran Castle, 4.
Orkney, xix, 86, 88.
Osewaldestre, see Oswald, Tree
of, 9.
Oswald, Tree of, see Osewaldestre
9-
Oswestry, lord of, 118.
Paris, 77.
Paris, Paulin, ix.
Payn Peverel, xii, xix, 5, 6, 7, 8,
9, 10.
Payn, son of John, 41.
Peak, the, 10, 12.
Pern bridge, Henry de, 75.
Pembroke, 2.
Pendover, 21, 29, 32*
Pentlyn, 67.
Peverel, castle of, 12.
Peverel, river of, see Pevereynes,
river of, 10.
Peverel, William, 10, n, 12, 15,
34*
Pevereynes, river of, tee Peverel,
river of, 10.
Philip, lung of France, xix, 77,
79,80.
Piers Plowman, xrii.
Pin, Emery de, 101.
Powis, a, 34, 65-
Powis, Jonas de, 35, 41.
Powis, Roger de, 35, 40, 44.
Preez, Andrew de, *x
Rampaigne, John de, xix, 61, 62,
72. 73, 761 78, 85, 94, 99, 104,
in, 113.
Randolf, see Chester, Earl of.
Red Castle, 71.
Rhuddlan, 37.
Richard Coeur de Lion, 41, 42, 43.
Robin Hood, xvii.
Roland, xiii.
Rufus, William, 3, 10.
Russia, Mount of, 81.
Ruton, 69.
Saint Brandan, xvi.
Scandinavia, 88.
Scotland, 58.
Scotland, Eneas, son of the king
of, 13.
Severn, river, 9, 74, 117.
Sherwood, forest of, xvii.
Shrewsbury, 2, 40, 63, 67, 68, 74,
Shropshire, xii.
Sibylle, 41.
St. Clement, 89.
St. Cyriac, 23.
St. Denis, 80.
Stevenson, Joseph, ix.
St. Michael, 12.
St. Patrick, 89.
St. Peter, abbey of, 2.
Teme, river of, 3, 18, 39.
Trouvere, the, xvi.
Troy, 4.
Tunis, 105.
Umfrevilles, the, 13.
Vileine, see Emeline, 48.
Wales, 3, 40.
Walter, Theobald, xi.
Wanting, 115.
Ward, H. L. D., x, xi, xiii, xx.
Waybury, 10.
Wem, Lady of, see Hawyse,
Fulk's daughter, 75.
Westminster, in, 113, 114, 115.
Whitecliff, xiii, 16, 28, 39.
White Plain, the, 7, 8, 9, 10, n,
119.
White-Tower, see Whittington,
ii, 12, 14, 15.
White Town, xiii, 12, 15, 40, 41,
44, 45, 48, 61, 69, 71, 74, n7,
119, 120.
Whitsand, 77.
Whittington, see White-Tower,
xi, xii, ii, 12, 14, 15.
William Rufus, 3, 10.
William the Bastard, i, 3.
Winchester, 42, 47, 66.
Windsor, 95.
Worcester, 39.
Wormeslow, 40.
Wright, Thomas, ix, x, xvii, xix.
Ydoine of Carthage, 107.
Ydromor, son of the king of
Galloway, 13.
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